脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹生态类型及在恢复古环境中的作用  

ECOTYPES OF FOOTPRINTS-SWIMMING TRACES OF VERTEBRATES AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PALEOENVIRONMENT

作　　者：胡勇[1] 卢宗盛[2] 许聘[1] 熊鑫琪[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学研究生院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学博物馆,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2004年第4期25-29,共5页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40372011;49972086);CNPC储层重点实验室基金资助项目"陆相遗迹组构研究及在高分辨率层序地层中应用";中国地质大学研究生课余科研基金资助项目"陕北晚三叠世脊椎动物游泳迹研究"

摘　　要：脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹化石的形成需要严格的保存条件,不同类型的足迹、游泳迹化石对其形成环境具有很强的指示作用。对脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹进行了生态分类,分为硬基底足迹、软基底足迹、浅水划行迹、水深小于或等于生物身高的游泳迹、水深大于生物身高的游泳迹等5类。提出可以根据脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹的生态类型对古水体深度、古水流方向、沉积物中水分含量等古环境进行恢复。同时可以利用足迹群的方向性、足迹和游泳迹的层面组构及垂向更替进行古岸线的恢复及沉积过程和古气候旋回的分析。The preservation of vertebrate footprints and swimming traces requires special conditions, for these traces will be very indicative for the environment. The traces can be divided into 5 ecotypes:①hard bottom footprints;②soft bottom footprints;③walking by its buoyancy;④swimming traces in the water at a depth smaller than or equal to the height of the creature,and ⑤ swimming traces in the water at a depth greater than the height of the creature.The article reconstructs the depth of water,the orientation of the stream and the moisture of the sediment,based on the types of footprints-swimming traces.It also uses the direction of the footprints to resume the coastline.At the same time,it uses the plane structure of swimming traces and their vertical replacement and to analyze the process of sedimentation and the paleoclimate.

关 键 词：足迹 游泳迹 生态类型 古环境 脊椎动物 

分 类 号：Q915.86[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q919[生物学—古生物学]