医师职业紧张及其影响因素的研究  

A Study of Occupational Stress and Its Influential Factors in Doctors

作　　者：蒋立新[1] 张世英[1] 黄先青[2] 田华伟[1] 张雪[1] 王治明[3] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518033 [2]深圳市卫生监督所 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2004年第6期1095-1097,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目课题 (编号 :2 0 0 30 4 2 4 0 )

摘　　要：目的　了解医师职业紧张的现状及其影响因素。　方法　应用职业紧张量表修订版 (OSI -R)对深圳市三级、二级、一级医院医师 (医师组 ) 3 42名及后勤管理人员 (对照组 ) 3 5 6名进行调查。　结果　医师组职业任务和应对资源得分高于对照组 ,有非常显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。医师的主要紧张源为任务过重、任务不适和责任感。医师仅人际关系紧张反应子项得分显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。医师紧张反应的主要影响因素为任务过重、任务不适、任务冲突、责任感、工作环境、休闲、社会支持和理性处事。　结论　医师暴露于较高的职业紧张因素水平 ,增强个体应对能力可降低紧张反应。Objective To realize the information of occupational stress and its influential factors in doctors. Methods Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI-R) was used for the survey in present study. The sampled 342 doctors (study group) from hospitals of various class and 356 administrators (control group) in corresponding hospitals in Shenzhen city were tested. Results The scores of ORQ and PRQ in doctor group were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01). The main occupational stressors were role overload, role insufficiency and responsibility. The stress response of interpersonal relationship in doctors was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01). The primary influential factors of stress reaction in doctors were role overload, role insufficiency, role boundary, responsibility, work environment, recreation, social support and rational conduct. Conclusions Doctors were exposed in the higher level of occupational stress factors. Improving individual’s affair handling ability might reduce the stress reaction of doctors.

关 键 词：医师 职业紧张 紧张反应 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]