上颌全口义齿固位与稳定性的三维有限元分析  

A 3-dimensional finite element analysis on the stability and retention of the base of maxillary complete dentures

作　　者：白保晶[1] 张振庭[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学口腔医学院,北京100050

出　　处：《现代口腔医学杂志》2005年第1期79-81,共3页Journal of Modern Stomatology

摘　　要：目的研究牙尖斜度、腭穹隆形状、人工牙排列位置对上颌全口义齿固位与稳定性的影响。方法应用三维有限元方法研究牙尖斜度、腭穹隆形状和人工牙排列位置对上颌全口义齿基托位移状况的影响。结果颊侧基托边缘区垂直向位移均为压向粘膜方向,使基托下沉的移位;后牙从牙槽嵴顶向颊侧移动,前牙唇向偏离牙槽嵴时,唇、颊侧基托边缘区位移增大;牙尖斜度为0°和10°时,基托后缘区垂直向位移、唇侧基托的垂直向和纵向位移均为背离粘膜方向,牙尖斜度大于等于20°时,基托后缘区和唇侧基托边缘区的垂直向位移变为压向粘膜方向。腭穹隆低平和腭穹隆高者位移较腭穹隆适中者大。结论牙尖斜度、腭穹隆形状、人工牙排列位置对上颌全口义齿的固位与稳定有明显的影响作用。选用牙尖斜度为22°～24°的人工牙有利于义齿的固位与稳定。Objective To study the stability and retention of MCD with different artificial teeth palatal vaults, cusp inclinations, and positions. Methods Three-dimensional FEM was used to study the stability and retention of MCD. Results The buccal displacement of the base faced the mucosa as the MCD buccal margin shifted vertically. When the artificial molars and the anterior teeth were away from alveolar ridge toward to the buccal, the labial and buccal displacement of base increased. The latter and labial displacement of base was away from mucosa as the cusp inclinations were 0 and 10 degrees and the MCD posterior margin moved vertically. The latter and labial displacement moved toward the mucosa until the inclinations were equal or greater than twenty degrees. The displacement of the base was greater in the flat and in the deep palatal vaults than in the medium palatal vault. Conclusion The cusp inclinations, palatal vaults, and positions of artificial teeth clearly influence the stability and retention of MCD. The study suggests that for a complete denture to increase stability and retention of MCD, artificial teeth with 22 to 24 degrees of cusp inclinations should be used.

关 键 词：基托 牙尖斜度 上颌 全口义齿 人工牙 固位 粘膜 侧基 研究 三维有限元分析 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]