中国东北区水资源量天然可再生能力分异及其对土地利用变化的响应  

Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Natural Reproducible Ability of Water Resource in the Northeast Part of China and Its Response to the Land Use Change

作　　者：严登华[1] 王浩[1] 刘权[2] 王建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所,北京100044 [2]清华大学水文水资源研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学》2005年第1期94-99,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目;中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1 SW 19 1 0 2 )

摘　　要：从水循环的角度对水资源的可再生能力进行表征 ,并在GIS技术支持下 ,对中国东北区天然水资源量可再生能力时空分异进行了系统剖析 ;并结合东北区 1986～ 2 0 0 0年间的土地利用变化 ,揭示了东北区天然水资源可再生能力分异对土地利用变化的响应 .195 6～ 2 0 0 1年间 ,东北区多年平均水资源量为 1991 5 2亿m3 ,具有显著的时空变化特征 ;且水资源变化具有33a、11a和 4a周期 .1980～ 2 0 0 1年间 ,东北区水资源可再生能力呈现出下降趋势 ,下降幅度和年际间的变化强度具有显著的空间分异特征 .水资源可再生能力与土地利用的耦合变化表明 ,需在分布式生态 水文机理剖析的基础上 ,对中国东北区的土地利用格局进行科学调整 ,以使得在人类活动剧烈干扰的环境背景下 ,水资源的可再生能力仍能维持在一个较高的水平上 .With respect to the water cycling, the natural reproducible ability of water resource (NRAWR) was expressed, and the spatial and temporal differences of NRAWR in the northeast part of China were anatomized systematically with the GIS techniques. Furthermore, the response of NRAWR in the northeast part of China to land use changes was described based on land use patterns of the northeast part of China in 1986,1996 and 2000. Water resource in the northeast part of China has the distinct spatial and temporal variation during the period from 1956 to 2001 with the multi-year volume of 199.152 billion m3, and the temporal change of NRAWR has 33-year, 11-year and 4-year cycles. In the phase from 1980 to 2001, the NRAWR in the northeast part of China has the descending trend, and the yearly variation range and intensity have marked spatial evolutional features. The coupling change of NRAWR and land use change shows that, in order to maintaining an higher NRAWR level under the condition of the acute anthropic interferes in the northeast part of China, the land use pattern should be adjusted based on the distributed eco-hydrological mechanism analysis.

关 键 词：水资源 天然可再生能力 土地利用变化 中国东北区 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]