父母责任重述  

Re-elaboration on Parents' Responsibility

作　　者：欧阳恩钱[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（社会科学版）》2005年第1期38-43,共6页Journal of Xinjiang University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：父母责任,即父母对其未成年子女致人损害行为的民事责任。其以主观性价值--保护未成年子女的利益与父母自由权,与客观性价值--损害填补与预防损害,两者的统一构成价值合理性;而价值合理性又必然要求合理的归责原则--过失责任原则,将责任严格建立在父母违反事实存在的监督义务基础之上,在未成年子女致人损害行为客观存在并造成他人损害时,父母作为整体就自己的过失负责。我国现行立法、《草案》、及学者《建议稿》等理论学说强调对损害的填补,着眼于父母子女关系而采严格责任原则,合理性值得反思,逻辑上也存在矛盾,父母责任制度势必要求整体重构。Parents' responsibility refers to the civil responsibility parents are required to take when their children, who are minors , have done harm to others. It has both subjective and objective values as the former protects the minor's rights and his or her parents' freedom and the latter compensates for the harm done and provides precaution for harm. Combined, they form the rationality of value. Yet the rationality of value also requires that the liability for faulted be reasonably stated to be founded on parents' responsibility of supervision that they do not conduct. That is, when the minor has in fact done harm to others, his or her parents are responsible for liability of fault. The theoretical ideas found in the legislation in practice in China today, the Draft of the Constitution and scholars' Suggested Draft all emphasize the compensation for harm, focusing on parents' responsibility and strict liability is practiced. The rationality of it is worth reflecting and it appears logically contradictory. Therefore, the regulations concerning parents' responsibility call for overall reconstruction.

关 键 词：未成年子女 致人损害 父母子女关系 过失责任原则 监督义务 严格责任原则 自由权 父母责任 理论学说 价值合理性 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] D923[政治法律—民商法学]