大鼠脑血管迟发性痉挛时的形态学变化  

Morphological Changes of Cerebral Arteries of Rats During Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm

作　　者：郭广松[1] 胡万里[2] 马廉亭[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院病理科,武汉430071 [2]武汉大学中南医院泌尿外科,武汉430071 [3]广州军区武汉总医院神经外科,武汉430070

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（医学版）》2005年第1期89-92,共4页Medical Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (编号 :3 9870 65 9)

摘　　要：目的 :探讨脑血管迟发性痉挛的形态学变化及其特征。方法 :先后两次在枕大池给大鼠注入自体动脉血诱发迟发性脑血管痉挛 ,以假手术并注射生理盐水的大鼠作为对照。在第一次注血后 8d行颈外动脉逆行插管造影 ,利用放大的DSA图像来衡量左侧大脑中动脉 (MCA)的直径 ,并对大脑中动脉行HE染色、弹力纤维染色和电镜观察。结果 :实验组大鼠的MCA ,可见内皮细胞萎缩、脱落 ,出现细胞凋亡 ;内弹力层皱褶 ;平滑肌细胞空泡样变性并有纤维化改变 ;血管外膜有细胞凋亡。而对照组未出现上述改变。结论 :血管内皮细胞萎缩、脱落及凋亡和平滑肌细胞空泡变性及纤维化引起的血管重塑是迟发性脑血管痉挛的重要特征。Objective: To explore morphological changes and characteristics of the cerebral artery during delayed cerebral vasospasm. Methods: Delayed vasospasm was induced in 8 Sprague-Dawley rats by an injection of autologous blood (0.25 ml) into the cisterna magna and another injection 24 hours later. A control group of 8 rats were treated with injection of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.8 days after the first injection, DSA was performed on cerebral vessels of each rats following retrograde cannulation in the external carotid artery. After the animals were fixed by perfusion, their middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were removed, diameters of which were measured with the aid of zoomed angiogram and a microscope. And its morphological changes were observed with microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results: In the MCA of experimental rats, atrophy, desquamation and apoptosis were recorded in endothelial cells. In addition, excessive corrugation of the internal elastic lamina (IEL),blebbing and fibrosis of smooth muscle cells and apoptosis of adventitial cells were also observed. While no changes as above were found in the MCA of control group. Conclusion: The remodel of cerebral vessels caused by atrophy, desquamation, and apoptosis in endothelial cells as well as blebbing and fibrosis in cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells were the key characteristic of delayed cerebral vasospasm.

关 键 词：脑血管痉挛 细胞凋亡 数字减影血管造影 纤维化 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]