我国东南沿海3港口有机锡污染的调查  

An investigation of organotin compound contamination in three harbors along southeast coast of China

作　　者：黄长江[1] 董巧香[1] 雷瓒[1] 王壮雄 周凯 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学水生生物技术与环境资源保护研究所,广东汕头515063 [2]深圳市海洋与渔业环境监测站,深圳518076

出　　处：《海洋学报》2005年第1期57-63,共7页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(40176029);广东省重大科技兴海项目(A200005F02);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(000792).

摘　　要：利用顶空固相微萃取与气相色谱表面发射火焰光度检测法于2001年11月至2002年8月对我国东南沿海厦门、汕头和惠阳3个大型港口21个站位的水样、底泥和生物样的有机锡污染现状进行调查.结果表明,绝大多数样品的一丁基锡(MBT)含量最高,三丁基锡(TBT)次之,二丁基锡(DBT)大多低于检测限.水样的TBT含量实测值从低于检测限至9 8ng/dm3,泥样的为0 3 ~174 7ng/g(干重),生物样的为2 1~23 0ng/g(湿重).水样TBT含量均值以惠阳港的为最高,泥样和生物样的均以厦门港的最高.影响有机锡含量及其空间分布的主要因素有港口船舶吞吐量、水文状况、季节和与大型码头的距离.关联的海产腹足类性畸变调查结果发现,我国沿海有机锡污染比较普遍和严重,已对生态系统产生实质性的负面生态效应.Using headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography and flame photometric detector, organotin compounds in water, bottom soil and marine gastropod (Thais clavigera) are investigated at 21 sampling stations in three hobors (Xiamen, Shantou, and Huiyang) along southeast coast of China from November 2001 to August 2002. The results show that the concentrations of monobutyltin (MBT) in most of samples are the highest, followed by tributyltin (TBT), but dibutyltin is almost under detect limit. The concentrations of TBT varied from below detect limit to 9.8 ng/dm^3 in water samples, 0.3～174.7 ng/g(dw) in bottom soil, and 2.1^(23.0 ng/g(ww)) in marine gastropods. TBT is highest in the water samples from Huiyang Hobor, but in bottom soils and marine gastropods the highests are all found in the samples from Xiamen Harbor. The factors to affect concentration of organotins and its special distribution are ship throughput and hydrological condition in each harbor, investigated season, and distance from sampling station to large-scale dock. Based on the data in the present and correlative studies, organotin contamination along Chinese Coast would be universal and serious, and have showed adverse effect on ecosystem, especial to marince gastropods.

关 键 词：调查结果 锡含量 东南沿海 污染现状 检测限 有机锡 顶空固相微萃取 水样 底泥 生态系统 

分 类 号：P948.8[天文地球—自然地理学] X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]