诱发性大鼠恶性胸膜间皮瘤病理形态学研究  

Pathological changes of rat malignant pleural mesothelioma induced by asbestos

作　　者：韩丹[1] 巫北海[2] 赵川[3] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院放射科,西安710033 [2]第三军医大学西南医院放射科,重庆400038 [3]昆明医学院附一院病理科,昆明650032

出　　处：《临床与实验病理学杂志》2004年第6期734-738,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology

基　　金：云南省自然基金 (No .2 0 0 2C0 0 83M);云南省教委科学基金 (No .0 2 8ZY15 2 )资助

摘　　要：目的　探讨大鼠恶性胸膜间皮瘤 (maglinantpleuralmesothelioma ,MPM )发生发展过程的病理形态学改变特征。 方法　Wistar大鼠 10 0只作为实验组 ,右侧胸膜腔闭式染尘法注入石棉纤维混悬液 4 0mg ,对照组 2 0只注入等量灭菌生理盐水。每天观察动物的一般状况 ,每月称体重一次 ,死亡或垂死动物做尸解 ,肉眼观察胸、腹腔 ,最后经组织学证实。结果　诱发性Wistar大鼠MPM的胸膜改变经历了单层增生—复层增生—多形性增生—MPM的过程。注入石棉 30天以前为单层增生期 ,30天以后出现复层增生 ,110天以后出现多形性增生 ,2 85天产生第一例MPM。实验鼠右胸腔内散在大小不等、分布不均石棉斑。诱发MPM 6 6例 ,局限型 2例 ,弥漫型 6 4例 ,合并血性胸水 4 9例。肉眼分为结节型、巨块型和斑片型 ,以结节型居多。组织学类型以纤维型居多 ,混合型次之 ,上皮型最少。纤维型MPM分化较好 ,胸水率低 ;上皮型和混合型分化较差 ,易合并大量血性胸水。肉眼和镜下分型无显著相关性。结论　诱发性Wistar大鼠MPM的发生发展过程经历了单层增生、复层增生、多形性增生和MPM的过程 ,单层增生属于单纯反应性增生 ,复层增生及多形性增生为癌前病变。病理学特征为肿瘤形态的多样性、数量的多发性、分布的广泛性 ,血性胸水多 。Purpose To observe the pathological features of induced malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) in rats in order to compensate some disadvantages in clinical practice. Methods A total of 100 Wistar rats in the test group were injected the suspension into the closed right chest cavity with 20mg/ml once per month, the overall volume was 40 mg. 20 rats in the control group were injected into sterilized saline water of 1 ml per time, totally 2 ml. The animals were observed daily, weighted once a month. When the rats were died or dying, the rats were dissected immediately and pathological changes were recorded. The experiment lasted for 2 years. Results Sixty-six rats suffered from MPM among 92 experimental rats in the result. There were bloody pleurorrhea in 49 cases. No MPM was observed in controls. Hyperplasic lesions in microscope included single layer hyperplasia, dual layer hyperplasia and multi-layer hyperplasia. There were also asbestos plaques of different sizes and positions in the 92 experimental rats. MPM was classified into 3 kinds: mass type in 9 cases (13.64%); nodular type in 49 cases (72.73%); plaque type in 9 cases (13.64%) according to naked eye observation. Pathological changes included epithelial type in 12 cases (18.2%); fibrous type in 34 cases (51.5%); mixed type in 20 cases (30.3%). Fibrous type was mostly common, mixed type second, and epithelial type less. Fibrous MPM was well-differentiated, with few pleurorrhea, while epithelial type and mixed type were poorly-differentiated, often with large volume of bloody pleurorrhea. But there was no significant correlation between naked eye and microscopic observation. Conclusions The Wistar rats’ MPM has a process from single-layer hyperplasia, dual-layer hyperplaisa to multiple hyperplasia. Single-layer hyperplasia is simple reactive hyperplasia, while dual-layer hyperplasia and multiple hyperplasia are precancerous lesions. The gross pathological features of MPM are pleomorphic and diffuse lesions, with few metastases and much bloody pleurorrh

关 键 词：胸膜肿瘤 间皮瘤 病理学 大鼠 

分 类 号：R734.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]