植物次生代谢基因工程研究进展  

Research Progress in Genetic Engineering of Plant Secondary Metabolism

作　　者：杨致荣[1] 毛雪[1] 李润植[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生物工程中心,太谷030801

出　　处：《植物生理与分子生物学学报》2005年第1期11-18,共8页Journal Of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家教育部归国留学人员科研基金(No.2001-11)科技重点项目(No.2002-03)资助。~~

摘　　要：随着对植物代谢网络日渐全面的认识,应用基 因工程技术对植物次生代谢途径进行遗传改良已取得 了可喜的进展。对次生代谢途径进行基因修饰的策略 包括:导入单个、多个靶基因或一个完整的代谢途径, 使宿主植物合成新的目标物质;通过反义RNA和RNA 干涉等技术降低靶基因的表达水平,从而抑制竞争性 代谢途径,改变代谢流和增加目标物质的含量;对控 制多个生物合成基因的转录因子进行修饰,更有效地 调控植物次生代谢以提高特定化合物的积累。作者结 合对大豆种子异黄酮类代谢调控和基因工程改良的研 究,着重介绍了花青素和黄酮类物质、生物碱、萜类 化合物和安息香酸衍生物等次生代谢产物生物合成的 基因工程研究进展。Secondary metabolism plays an important role in plant life as well as the interaction between plants and environmental factors. Many secondary metabolites derived from plants have been used for the production of medicines, dyes, insecticides, food flavors, fragrances and so on. With increasingly comprehensive understanding of the plant metabolic networks, great progress has been made in the genetic improvement of plant secondary metabolic pathways through gene engineering. Strategies for the genetic engineering of plant secondary metabolism include: (1) enabling the host plant to accumulate a novel desirable compound by transformation of single/multiple enzyme gene(s) or a whole metabolic pathway; (2) decreasing target gene expression or inhibiting competitive metabolic pathway to achieve metabolic flux towards higher production of particular molecules through antisense RNA and RNA interference technologies; (3) effectively manipulating the transcription factors responsible for the metabolic regulation at multiple steps in a given pathway so as to have a great synthesis of the target bio-chemicals. Basing on author's research work on flavonoid synthesis mechanism in soybean seed and its gene engineering, recent progress in the engineering of plant secondary metabolism involved in the synthesis of anthocyanins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, benzoic acid derivatives etc are reviewed.

关 键 词：次生代谢 基因工程 限速酶 转录因子 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]