从分子水平探讨中国东北狍的分类地位  

Taxonomic Status of Roe Deer in Northeastern China Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequences

作　　者：张明海[1] 肖朝庭[1] Koh Hungsun 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]College of Nature Science

出　　处：《兽类学报》2005年第1期14-19,共6页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：美国老虎和犀牛基金资助 ( 982 10 -2 -G191)

摘　　要：国内外对中国狍的分类地位意见不一。本文测定了来自中国东北完达山、小兴安岭、大兴安岭、三江和吉林向海等 5个地区的 15只野生狍的线粒体DNACytb基因 (4 15bp)和来自完达山、三江和吉林向海等 3个地区的 6只野生狍的线粒体控制区部分序列 (76 4bp) ,分析了中国东北狍与西伯利亚狍、欧洲狍的系统进化关系 ,得出中国东北狍与欧洲狍之间mtDNACytb和mtDNA控制区序列差异平均值分别为 4 12 %和 4 89% ,达到了鹿类动物的种间差异水平 ;而与西伯利亚狍的mtDNACytb和mtDNA控制区序列差异平均值仅为 1 6 1%和 2 4 4 % ,只达到亚种水平。结合形态学的差异 ,本文认为中国东北的狍与欧洲狍为两个独立的物种 ,与西伯利亚狍为同种。并提出中国东北狍与欧洲狍的分歧时间约在 2 0 0万年前 ,与西伯利亚狍的分歧时间约在Roe deer play an important ecological role as a main food resource for large carnivores and is an important game species. They are distributed widely across northeastern and northwestern regions of China. However,the taxonomic status of Chinese roe deer is still in dispute because there have been no genetic analyses of the phylogenetic relationship of Chinese roe deer to other populations. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a highly sensitive marker suitable for studies of closely related taxa or populations because it is maternally inherited and has a relatively rapid rate of change . We utilized PCR technique and DNA sequencing to analyze portions of mtDNA Cyt b gene (415 bp) and parts of the mtDNA control region sequence(764 bp) to assess the taxonomic status of roe deer in northeastern China. Specimen collections were made from Wanda Mountains (46°15′N, 133°16′E), Lesser Khinghan Mountains (47°10′N, 128°54′E), Great Khinghan Mountains (52°10′N, 123°15′E), Sanjiang Wetland Nature Reserve (46°30′N,133°15′E), and Jilin Xianghai Wetland Nature Reserve (45°40′N, 122°20′E). We compared results of our sequencing to those derived from European and Siberian roe deer (from GenBank) to assess their phylogenetic relationship. The average divergence of Cyt b gene and the control region sequence between roe deer from northeastern China and Europe was 4.12% and 4.89% respectively, indicating sufficient variation to consider them separate species. However, divergence between northeastern Chinese and Siberian roe deer was only 1.61% (Cyt b) and 2.44% (control region). Considering similarities in body size and antler characteristics, we believe roe deer of northeastern China and Siberia should be regarded as a single species, distinct from European roe deer. We propose that the scientific name of roe deer in northeastern China should be changed to Capreolus pygargus from Capreolus capreolus. Assuming the cytochrome b gene diverged at a rate of 0.02 nucleotide distance/million years, we infer tha

关 键 词：分类地位 DNA 控制区 序列差异 系统进化关系 中国东北 物种 分子水平 线粒体 形态学 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学] R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]