玉米和水稻重要性状QTL的比较研究  

Comparative Analyses of QTL for Important Agronomic TraitsBetween Maize and Rice

作　　者：严建兵[1,2] 汤华[3] 黄益勤[3] 郑用琏[3] 李建生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学国家玉米改良中心 [2]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [3]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2004年第12期1401-1407,共7页

基　　金：国家重大基础研究项目 (编号 :2 0 0 1CB10 880 1);国家 863项目 (编号 :2 0 0 2AA2 0 70 0 8)资助~~

摘　　要：在构建玉米分子标记连锁图和对重要性状进行QTL定位的基础上 ,以玉米和水稻的分子标记比较图谱为桥梁 ,分析了控制玉米和水稻F2 :3 群体重要农艺和产量性状QTL的共线性关系。研究结果表明 :在玉米和水稻共线性的染色体区段 ,控制玉米株高、行数和行粒数的QTL与控制水稻株高、单株有效穗和每穗实粒数的QTL存在广泛的对应关系 ;在已定位的影响玉米株高等 5个性状的 4 5个QTL中 ,有 16个与水稻“汕优 6 3”群体中 5个相同或相似性状所定位的 38个QTL中的 12个具有共线性关系。这一结果为利用水稻的基因组数据来定位、分离和克隆玉米重要性状的QTL提供了有益信息。同时发现 ,控制水稻某一个性状的QTL常常与控制玉米同一性状的两个QTL相对应 ,这一结果为玉米染色体是由水稻染色体加倍而来的理论假设提供了支持。研究还发现 ,不管是玉米还是水稻在染色体上都存在QTL的富集区域 ,而这些富集区域常常存在于相同的共线性区域 ,暗示着玉米和水稻控制相同或相似性状的QTL可能有着相同的起源。基于性状的比较基因组研究不但有助于新基因或QTL的发现、克隆和利用 。The objective of this study was to assess syntenic relationships of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for important agronomic traits between maize and rice based on the comparative genomic map of maize and rice (using) two F_(2:3) populations.Through the comparisons,it was observed that there were extensive conserved relationships of maize QTL affected plant height,row number,and kernels per row with rice QTL affected plant height,tillers per plant,and grains per panicle respectively.Sixteen of 45 QTL affecting five different maize traits were conserved compared with 12 of 38 QTL affecting five different rice traits,which provided some useful information for locating,isolating and cloning maize QTL by using the rice genomic data.In this study,one QTL in rice usually had two conserved QTL in maize,further supporting the hypothesis that there is a polyploidization (event) during maize evolution.It was interested in observing that there were QTL rich regions on chromosomes in maize and rice,where QTL affecting different traits were usually clustered.These results revealed that the QTL affected the same or similar traits in maize and rice may have the common origin.These results will be helpful to map,isolate and clone QTL in large genome crops,such as maize,by using rice genome information,as well as to understand the evolutionary forces that structured the organization of the grass genomes.

关 键 词：玉米 水稻 比较基因组 QTL 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S511