马克思主义的“守夜人”——阿尔都塞的理论解读  

The Man Who Keeps Watch at Night for Marxism:L.Althusser's Interpretation

作　　者：欧阳谦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学系,北京100872

出　　处：《教学与研究》2005年第1期6-12,共7页Teaching and Research

摘　　要：阿尔都塞甘当马克思主义的“守夜人”，全身心投入到重新解读马克思的理论活动中，其思想初衷是要在马克思主义与非马克思主义之间“划一条分界线”，坚守马克思理论发现的科学特性。“回归马克思”，更准确地说是“回归成年马克思”，构成了阿尔都塞理论解读的逻辑线索。有了结构主义和精神分析学的强力介入，阿尔都塞的理论解读不可避免地打上了这些时尚精神的烙印。他对马克思的全新解读，是把马克思描绘成一个不自觉的结构主义者，让马克思穿上了“理论反人道主义”的外衣。崭新的方法和概念，展现了一个全新的马克思的形象。这种解读着实给马克思主义的理论研究带来了一股难得的清风，为如何发展马克思主义提供了一种有益的启示。Althusser,a man who willing“kept watch at night”for Marxism,went out of his wayto re-interpret Marxist theories with the intention of drawing a clear cut-off line between Marxismand non-Marxism,and to sticking to the scientific characteristics of Marxism.“Return to Marx”,as he put it,or rather,“return to Marx in his mature years”,is the logical guideline for his theo-retical interpretation.The author holds that Althusser's theoretical interpretation is heavily influencedby such fashion as structuralism and psychoanalysis.Therefore,in his new interpretation Marx uncon-sciously became a structuralist who appeared to be theoretically anti-humanism.With Althusser's newmethod and concept,Marx is taking on a new look.The author points out that this is a preciousfresh idea in the studies of Marx,and has shed light on development of Marxism.

关 键 词：症候阅读法 认识论上的断裂 人道主义 历史科学 结构因果观 

分 类 号：B565[哲学宗教—外国哲学]