语言标记性的选择对语言使用的影响  

Choices of Linguistic Markedness and Their Impacts on Language Use

作　　者：黄会健[1] 王和平 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学外国语学院，浙江杭州310014 [2]不详

出　　处：《外语教学》2003年第1期18-21,共4页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：人类在语言交际中需要选择不同的语调、词汇、句法、语篇结构和文体来达到交际目的 ,反过来 ,交际目的也制约着这些选择。研究语言标记性可从一种角度解释人们是怎样在语言各个层面上选择语言成分以及如何实现话语的语用价值的。语言的标记性可分为两种 :一种是两极标记 ,另一种是由两极连为一体的连续标记。打破自然话语的语音常规 ,构成对比 ,突出信息焦点 ,蕴涵不同的语用预设 ,此为两极标记 ;遣词、造句、谋篇和选择文体会涉及语言的两种标记。In language communication, human beings need to make different choices of intonation, lexicon, sentence structure, discourse structure and style to achieve communicative goals which, in turn, exert constraints to the choice of language. The study of markedness system in language may account for, from one perspective, why human beings make certain choices of language elements at different linguistic levels and how some pragmatic value is realized in utterances. There are two kinds of linguistic markedness. One consists of only two polarities,the other being a continuum that links together the two extremes. The former is manifested when the natural intonation pattern of uttering a piece of discourse is broken in order to make a contrast by which information focus becomes prominent on different pragmatic presuppositions. In the choices of words, sentence structure, discourse structure and text style, both types of linguistic markedness may be involved.

关 键 词：语言标记性 选择 语用价值 

分 类 号：H313[语言文字—英语]