理解能力不同的个体抑制干扰信息的效率  

THE INHIBITION MECHANISM OF DIFFERENT SKILLED LANGUAGE COMPREHENDERS

作　　者：杨丽霞[1] 陈永明[1] 崔耀[1] 周治金[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《心理学报》2002年第2期120-125,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(项目号为 :3 93 3 0 0 2 4和 3 9970 2 5 5 )

摘　　要：根据多媒语言理解测试 ,筛选出汉语综合理解能力高、低不同的两组被试 ,采用固定速移动窗口阅读与选择性再认相结合的实验范式 ,在两个实验中考察了两组被试在理解加工汉语双字词和两从句复合句的过程中对外在干扰信息的抑制效率。词汇加工与句子加工两个实验的结果一致表明 :不同语言理解能力的个体在抑制干扰信息的效率上存在差异 ,低理解能力者的抑制效率也较低 ;抑制效率受到干扰材料意义性的影响 。Based on Multi-Media Language Comprehension Test, two groups of subjects who were high-and low-skilled Chinese comprehenders were selected for this investigation. Two experiments were conducted to test the inhibition mechanism of the two groups of subjects in processing Chinese two-character words and two-clause sentences. An experimental paradigm combining force-paced Moving Window and probe recognition task was used. The subjects were required to read the word sequences or sentences in which some irrelevant double-character words or pseudo-words were inserted as distractors. Each group of words or sentence was followed by a probe recognition task. The results showed: Inhibition was influenced by the meaningfulness of the distractors. The more meaningful distractors were more difficult to be inhibited. Low-skilled comprehenders inhibited less efficiently the distracting information during lexical and sentence comprehension. So, less skilled comprehenders suffered from a less efficient inhibition mechanism, which we suggest is an important component of language comprehension skill.

关 键 词：理解能力 抑制机制 外在干扰信息 意义性 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]