精神分裂症的家庭教育研究  

A Family Educational Study of the Relatives of Schizophrenic Patients

作　　者：叶建林[1] 姚承德 俞勤奋[1] 严和骏[1] 张明园[1] 杨继宗[1] 郭莲舫[1] 张伯英 张晔 

机构地区：[1]上海市精神卫生中心 [2]上海市南市区精神病防治院

出　　处：《中国康复》1993年第2期72-76,共5页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation

摘　　要：为帮助精神分裂症患者的亲属更好地关照患者,促进康复,对精神分裂症患者亲属进行了集体知识教育,分为教育组和对照组。家庭教育组在半年中接受8次教育讲座和2次亲属的讨论会以及通常的社区精神卫生服务,对照组则只接受通常的社区精神卫生服务。研究结果表明,92.6％的亲属对家庭教育感到满意;84.4％的亲属认为对他们有帮助。与对照组相比,教育组的亲属关于精神分裂症的症状、复发表现、应对策略、抗精神病药的作用及副作用等方面的知识增加更多,GHQ-28躯体症状因子分、社会功能不良因子分和总分的减少更明显;教育组患者阴性症状和社会功能障碍的减轻更显著。在家庭负担、患者症状加重率、用药依从性等方面,2组无显著差异。本文还探讨了家庭教育作为精神分裂症社区干预措施的可行性和有效性。In order to help relatives with the best care to schizophrenic patients and facilitate rehabilita- tion of patients,we had given relatives of patients information about schizophrenia and probed into the feasi- bility and effectiveness about family education as an community intervention of schizophrenia.This research was carried out in Nanshi District of Shanghai for half year.Educational group (234 cases) received eight in- formation lectures given by 2 community mental health workers who had received simple training about fami- ly education,and twice discussions and routine mental health service in the community,while control group (202 cases) only received routine mental health service in the community.The results showed that 92.6% of relatives were satisfied with this educational programme,84.4% of relatives thought it was helpful for them. Comparing with control group,educational group acquired more information about the symptom,early sign of relapse,coping strategy,effect and adverse effect of antipsychotics.Decrease in somatic symptom factor score and social dysfunction factor score and total score of GHQ-28 in educational group were significant. Negative symptom and social function disturbance of patients in educational group alleviated more significant- ly.There was no significant deviation in family burden,rate of symptom exacergrating and drug compliance between two groups.This study suggested that family education is simple and pragmatic to perform,it could provide information about psychosis for the relatives more effectively and improve their psychologic health,it is may be helpful for indirectly reducing patients symptom and social function disturbance.Although family education had some benefits for both patients and their relatives,it could only be as an supplementary thera- py with limited effects.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 家庭教育 心理健康 

分 类 号：R749.309[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]