儿童眼球内眶内异物伤  

Eye injuries with intraocular and intraorbital foreignbodies in children

作　　者：丁法德[1] 杨景存[1] 赵辉[1] 彭广华[1] 曹木荣[1] 张秋玲[1] 季林纾[1] 陈峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南医科大学第一附属医院,河南眼外伤研究所

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》1995年第1期6-10,共5页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

基　　金：河南省教委资助

摘　　要：１９８１～１９９１年期间在我院住院治疗的儿童眼球内眶内异物伤６ｌ３例６６５眼；其中男性５６１例，女性５２例；眼球内异物５０９例，占８３．０％。特点是：（１）受伤年龄高峰期１２～１３岁；（２）时间以每年１～２月份发生率最高；（３）首要原因是雷管鞭炮类爆炸伤；（４）非磁性异物多于磁性异物；（５）手术难度大，检查治疗配合欠佳；（６）并发症多，预后差，视力伤残重。这些特点与成人不同。主要并发症有外伤性白内障，葡萄膜炎，玻璃体出血和混浊，增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（ＰＶＲ）等。其中５２８例做异物摘出手术５５３次，成功率９３．２％；文中讨论了联合手术问题。术后视力提高者１９７眼（３４．５％），有４５眼盲目恢复了有用视力，但是仍有６５．３％的受伤眼视力伤残难以恢复。最后强调预防和治疗同等重要。Abstract613 cases of eye injuries with intraocular andintraorbital foreign bodies in children were studied inour hospital during the past eleven years( 1981～1991). In this series 56 l cases were male and 52 caseswere female,509 cases had intraocular foreign bodies(83.0%)The specific points were as follows:(1)theinjured high peak at l2～13 years of age;(2) the topincidence period in annual February and January;(3)the main injured causes being the explosions offirecrackers and detonators;(4)far morenonmagnetic foreign bodies than magnetic cases(5)the operations on injured eyes of children being diffi-cult and the children’s cooperations in managementand examination being unsatisfactory;(6)more com-plications,serious vision damages and prognosisThese specific points were different from that ofadult.The major complications were traumatic cata-ract,uveitis,vitreous hemorrhage and opacity, PVR,etc. Among 528 cases in this series 553 times of ex- traction surgeries were performed,the success rate ofoperations was 93.2%,The combined surgeries werediscussed.Though 197 eyes increased the visualacuity(34. 5%),in which 45 eves of blindness re- stored useful vision after surgeries, still 434 injuredeyes(65.3%) remained lower vision or blindness.So,it was equal important to prevent ocular trauma andto cure injured eyes in children.

关 键 词：并发症 眶内异物 眼球 视力 治疗 儿童 伤残 爆炸伤 玻璃体出血 盲目 

分 类 号：R779[医药卫生—眼科] R774[医药卫生—临床医学]