一个新的不耐热的伤寒沙门氏菌特异性抗原(θ)的发现  

Discovery of A New Thermolabile Specific Antigen of Salmonella Typhi

作　　者：朱超[1] 徐涛[1] 陈廷柞 栗克喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部成都生物制品研究所,成都610063

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》1993年第2期53-56,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：我们在研究伤寒沙门氏菌保护性抗原期间,发现了一个新的不耐热的伤寒沙门氏菌特异性抗原,暂时命名为θ抗原。这个抗原存在于各种类型的伤寒沙门氏菌中,并能从Ty2菌苗株细胞提取。以不吸收的抗θ兔血清作试管凝集时,与O90l和H901菌株的凝集效价分别为1:640和1:320。但与Ty2或9,12,Vi:d:-菌株不发生凝集,这一现象以后证实是由于Vi抗原的存在。θ抗原形成凝集较幔(31℃18～24小时),其所形成的凝集块疏松,易摇散、呈半絮状。菌体经100℃30分钟加热后与θ血清不发生凝集。玻片凝集试验显示θ血清与W和V型伤寒沙门氏菌(后者须培养在含酚培养基上)在1分钟内产生明显凝集。而与大多数D群(包括D_1和D_2)沙门氏菌和其他沙门氏菌不凝集,并与下列肠杆菌科细菌亦不凝集,包括志贺氏菌属A、B、C、D群,大肠艾希氏菌O:1～25和致病性大肠艾希氏菌12个不同的血清型,3株变形杆菌以及含有α抗原的Wakefield茵。化学分析显示,粗制θ提取物含有核酸(491μg/ml)。蛋白质(39μg/ml)和KDO(23μg/ml),但不含有O-乙酰基,表明θ抗原不同于Vi抗原。作者建议以θ血清替代现用的O:9,Vi和d因子血清作为伤寒沙门氏菌的血清学诊断。并需继续查明θ抗原的化学本质。In the course of the study on the protective antigens to S. typhi, a new thermolabile specific antigen of this microorganism was discovered and named 0 antigen tentatively. The antigen existed in various forms of S. typhi and could be extracted from the whole cells of the vaccine strain Ty2. The agglutination of θ antigen and anti-θ antibody showed some characteristics: the agglutination lump formed slowly(37℃, 18~24h), looked fluffy semiflocculent and easy to be dispersed by shaking. After heated at 100℃ for 30 min, the organism lost its agglutination ability with anti-0 serum. Slide agglutination test showed that anti-θ sera could distinctly agglutinate with both W and V forms of S. typhi(the strains of the latter should be cultivated in a medium containing 0. 1 percent phenol)within 1 min, but could not agglutinate with most of group D (including D_1 and D_2) of S. typhi and any other members of the genera Salmonella. Positive reactions with the following strains of the family Enterobacteriaceae were listed: groups A, B, C and D of genera Shigella, 0:1~25 strains of E. coli, 12 strains of different serotypes of EPEC, 3 strains of Proteus, and the Wakefield strains containing α-antigen. Chemical analysis showed that the crude extraction of 0 antigen contained: nucleic acid(419μg/ml), protein(39μg/ml) and KDO(23μg/ml), but no O-acetyl groups was found. These data indicated that θ antigen was different from Vi antigen. The findings of our studies suggest that the anti-θ sera might be used for serodiagnosis of S. typhi instead of the currently available factor sera O:9, Vi and H:d.

关 键 词：伤寒沙门氏菌 新抗原 抗原 

分 类 号：R516.303[医药卫生—内科学]