戊戌变法期间光绪帝对外观念的调适  

Changes in Emperor Guangxu's Mentality towards the Outside World during the Reform Movement of 1898

作　　者：茅海建[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史系

出　　处：《历史研究》2002年第6期23-50,共28页Historical Research

摘　　要：戊戌变法期间光绪帝积极推动外使觐见礼节的改革 ;在为德皇制作宝星 (勋章 )、购置世界地图、亲撰致日本国书、召见伊藤博文、派使韩国等细小事件的处理中 ,均反映出其对外观念的调适。尽管光绪帝力图摆脱传统外交 (天朝体系下的华夷秩序 )的束缚 ,在程式上向近代外交 (某种意义上是西方外交 )靠拢 ,但他内心世界中的对外观念与外部世界仍有隔膜 ,在一定程度上反映出中国这个传统深重的国家在这一靠拢过程中的艰难与无奈。During the Reform Movement of 1898 Emperor Guangxu vigorously promoted the reform of ceremonies governing his audience with foreign envoys, made the Star Medal for the German Emperor, bought maps of the world, personally wrote the letter of credence to Japan, summoned Ito Hirobumi and sent an envoy to Korea. All these embodied his efforts to adapt himself to the outside world. However, although he tried hard to shake off the yoke of traditional diplomacy (the Chinese barbarian relations under the Heavenly Kingdom system) and come closer to the modern diplomatic procedure (the Western diplomacy in a sense), his inner world was far from the actual conditions of the outside world. This reflected the difficulties for China, shackled with its age old traditions, to draw close to modern practice.

关 键 词：光绪帝 戊戌变法 近代外交 伊藤博文 礼节 内心世界 世界地图 秩序 国家 观念 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]