氮离子注入水稻生物学效应研究  

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ION IMPLANTATION IN RICE

作　　者：夏英武[1] 谢嘉华[1] 舒庆尧[1] 谢学民[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农业大学核农所

出　　处：《核农学报》1994年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本试验研究了氮离子注入水稻干种子引发的生物学效应，并将其与γ射线、叠氮化钠处理进行了比较。结果表明：氮离子注入后，种胚表层细胞出现刻蚀，细胞之间出现裂缝，种胚内层结构也发生变化。氮离子注入的Ｍ１代生理损伤较轻，Ｍ２代的叶绿素突变频率低于γ射线和叠氮化钠的处理，抽穗期突变频率高于γ射线和叠氮化钠的处理，株高突变频率与叠氮化钠处理的相近，但比γ射线处理的低。用诱变效率衡量其诱变效果，氮离子注入的叶绿素诱变效率低于γ射线和叠氮化钠的处理，株高的诱变效率则高于γ射线和叠氮化钠的处理，抽穗期诱变效率高于γ射线的处理，但比叠氮化钠处理的略低。The biological effects of nitrogen ion implantation in rice(Oryza satiua L)were stud-ied.As the results of nitrogen ion treatment,the surface layer cells of embryo were carvedand crevices of surface layer and changes of inner structure of embryo were observed.Com-pared with the treatment of gamma rays and sodium azide(NaN3), ion implantation causedlower physiological damages in the M1 generation,but higher mutation frequency of headingdate in M2 The mutation frequency of heading date was 1.00%,higher than those of gammarays(0.76%)and sodium azide( 0.53%).The chlorophyll mutation frequency in M2(0.06%)was lower than those of gamma rays(2 25%)and sodium azide(0.93%)treat-ments and the plant height mutation frequency(0. 62%)was nearly the same as that of sodi-um azide treatment(0.63%),and lower than that of gamma rays treatment(0.93%)).Themutagenic efficiency for chlorophyll was 0.18%,which was lower than those of gamma rays(2.72%)and sodium azide(2. 52%)treatments,while that for plant height was 2. 41%,much higher than those of gamma rays(0.81%)and sodium azide(1. 56%)and that forheading date (1. 78%)was higher than that of gamma rays(1.16%),but a little lower thanthat of sodium azide(1.80%)treatment.

关 键 词：氮离子 生物学效应 水稻 辐射育种 

分 类 号：S511.103.5[农业科学—作物学]