我国环境化学研究的进展  

DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES ON ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY IN CHINA

作　　者：刘静宜[1] 汪安璞[1] 陈定茂[1] 金龙珠[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]国家自然科学基金委员会化学部,北京100083

出　　处：《环境化学》1994年第5期371-381,共11页Environmental Chemistry

摘　　要：本文综合介绍了二十年来我国环境化学研究的发展概况.在环境分析化学方面包括了环境分析监测方法、标准参考物质、环境分析方法、形态分析、采样技术与分析测试仪器化等方面.环境污染化学包括了有关大气、水体和土壤环境中化学问题的研究.着重对大气污染物表征、迁移和转化、化学模式和重金属、有机物的水环境化学、水环境中金属烷基化以及土壤中农药等环境化学研究.有关污染生态效应中的化学集中介绍了硒与地方病环境因素关系及有毒有机物、致癌物分子结构和它们理化性质及生物活性之间的定量关系研究.污染控制化学方面重点介绍了絮凝剂、催化剂、膜材料、吸附剂等化学研究及湿式氧化,排烟脱硫等污染控制化学的研究及铬、铅生产新工艺的研究.The development of scientific researches on environmental chemistry in past two decades in China was briefly reviewed. (1) Environmental analytical chemistry, including methods of analysis and monitoring, reference materials, speciation, sampling technique and instrumentation. (2) Environmental pollution chemistry or environmental atmospheric, aquatic and soil chemistry, emphasizing on characterization, transport and transformation and modelling of pollutants, aquatic chemistry of heavy metals, and organics, alkylation of Hg and Sn, and soil pollution chemistry of pesticides. Environmental chemistry related to ecological effects and health focused on the relationship of epidemic disease with trace metals (eg. Se) in the environment, and the quantitative relationship between molecular structure of toxic organics and carcinogens and their physical chemical properties and biological activity was briefed. (3) Pollution control chemistry emphasizing on the application of flocculants, catalysts, membrane materials, adsorbents and chemistry of some environmental processes .e.g., wet oxidation, desulfurization, and study on new technology for Cr and Pb production.

关 键 词：环境化学 进展 研究 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]