斑蝉（Gaeana　maculata　Drury）鸣声调幅特性的衰变及其发声机制的分析  

Decay of amplitude modulation property of song and an analysis of sounding mechanism in mottled cicada(Gaeana maculata Drury)

作　　者：蒋锦昌[1] 刘向群 杨新宇[1] 陈浩[1] 徐慕玲[1] 唐欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生物物理所

出　　处：《声学学报》1994年第4期290-299,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：斑蝉自然鸣声起鸣声和重复声的前奏及高潮声，分别由若干个分别含３个亚脉冲（ＳＰ１－３）的脉冲组成。基本音和载频带的主频率（ＰＦｂ和ＰＦｃ）份别为３３８±２０Ｈｚ和３６１７±８７Ｈｚ。起鸣声的前奏合２２个脉冲（Ｐ１－２２），调幅特性逐渐衰变，ＳＰ１的载波振荡失去对称性，并与基波叠加，ＳＰ２，３近似为正弦波。同时，鸣声由以ＰＦｃ为主音逐渐转变为以ＰＦｂ为主音。起鸣的高潮声、重复声的前奏和高潮声都进一步失去调幅特性，载波振荡主要与ＳＰ２的基波叠加，其ＰＦｃ的幅值都比ＰＦｂ平均低１０ｄＢ以上，鸣声都是以基本音的ＰＦｂ为主音。由发声膜的结构来看，其三条长肋的振动频率可能由质量控制逐渐转变为力阻控制，相应的鸣声由以ＰＦｃ为主音的起鸣前奏逐渐衰变为ＰＦｂ为主音的高潮声和重复声。In the natural song of the mottled cicada, the prelude and loud song of the prologue and the repetition consist separately of trains of pulses, each containing three subpulses(SP1-3). The principal frequencies(PFb and PFc) of the basic sound and carrier frequeency band are 338+20Hz and 3617+87Hz,respectively.The prelude of the prologue contains 22 pulses(P1-22) whose amplitude modulation properties gradually decay. The carrier wave oscillation gradually loses its positive negative symmetry and superimposes with the basic waves of the SP1. The SP2,3 are essentially sinusoidal. Moreover, the song with the PFc as the dominant tone gradually gives way to the PFb. In the loud song of the prologue the prelude and the loud song of repetition, the amplitude modulation properties are further lost. The carrier wave oscillation mainly superimposes with the basic waves of the SP2, all the amplitudes of PFc being over 10 dB lower than those of the PFb and the latter playing as the dominant tone of the song.In view of the sturcture of the sounding membrane, the vibration frequentes of the three long ribs may be gradually changed from mass controlled to mechanical-resistance controlled. In correspondence the PFc as the dominant tone is gradally taken over by the loud song and repetition with the PFb as the dominant tone. In view of the sturcture of the sounding membrane, the vibration frequencies of the three long ribs may be gradually changed from mass controlled to mechanical-resistance controlled. In correspondence the PFc as the dominant tone is gradally taken over by the loud song and repetition with the PFb as the dominant tone.

关 键 词：斑蝉 鸣声 调幅 发声机制 蝉 

分 类 号：Q62[生物学—生物物理学]