集体主义、乡镇企业与农村工业化  

Collectivism, Township-Village Enterprises and Village Industrialization

作　　者：吴一平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学国际工商管理学院

出　　处：《财经科学》2005年第2期168-175,共8页Finance & Economics

摘　　要：乡镇企业是中国所独有的一种企业组织形式,1984～1994年乡镇企业以年均37.9%的速度增长,但1996年以后经济效益出现下滑.文章认为,人民公社化运动所形成的集体主义精神是乡镇企业兴起的真正原因;宏观经济环境恶化导致乡镇企业经济效益下降,改制并不适用于所有乡镇企业,中央政府强制推行该政策并未提高企业效益,相反导致了一部分乡镇企业的衰落.Township-Village Enterprises which only exist in China is a kind of enterprise organization form. Over the period 1984～1994, township-village enterprises increased by 37.9%, but after 1996 their economic benefits began to decline. This article considers that Collectivism spirit taking form in the people's commune movement is the real cause of township-village enterprises arising and that macroeconomic surroundings deteriorates led economic benefits to decline. Privatization doesn't fits for all the township-village enterprises. That center government implements the policy compulsorily don't increase economic benefits of the township-village enterprises and on the contrary leads part of the enterprises to go downhill.

关 键 词：乡镇企业经济 中国 农村工业化 效益下降 宏观经济环境 企业组织形式 企业效益 适用 人民公社化运动 集体主义 

分 类 号：F429[经济管理—产业经济]