句尾“了”将来时间用法的发展  

The Development of Sentence-final le to Express the Future

作　　者：陈前瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学对外汉语研究中心,100083

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2005年第1期66-73,共8页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目 (项目编号 :0 3CYY0 0 3)的资助

摘　　要：本文考察句尾“了”将来时间用法的发展过程及其类型学意义。研究发现 ,句尾“了”将来时间用法的发展分两个阶段 :( 1 )由现在完成体、过去完成体发展为将来完成体 (含即将发生 ) ;( 2 )将来完成体的时间副词由可隐可现发展为无需出现。句尾“了”无需时间副词直接表即将发生的用法大致依次出现在四种语境 :“报”、“告别”、“应答”、“催促”。句尾“了”将来时间用法的发展主要是由现时相关性促动 ,是语言发展的主观化的结果。This paper studies the use of Chinese sentence-final le to express the future and its development. The use of sentence-final le to express the future goes through two stages of developments: 1) the addition of t he use to express future perfect to its use of marking present perfect and past perfect; 2) the total loss of time adverbs in future perfect which used to make optional appearance. The use of sentence-final le to express immediate futu re without time adverbs appear in four situations. The development of sentence- final le into expressing the future is motivated by current relevance and is a result of subjectivisation.

关 键 词：将来时间 完成体 用法 时间副词 语境 语言发展 主观化 告别 时相 应答 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]