听力正常人与聋人长时记忆的比较研究  

STUDY ON THE COMPARISON OF LONG-TERM MEMORY IN NORMAL HEARING AND DEAF PEOPLE

作　　者：王乃怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所

出　　处：《心理学报》1994年第4期401-409,共9页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：以视觉系列呈现，序列回忆和自由回忆的方法比较了音、形、义三维编码维量在听力正常人与聋人短时记忆和长时记忆加工过程中的相对效用。结果是听力正常组产生了明显的语音相似性效应，聋人组突出地显示出形码的相似性干扰。在短时记忆和长时记忆加工过程中两组被试都显示出了形义两维编码维量的作用最强，而音码的作用相对比较弱。两组被试也都显示出了明显的系列位置效应及大体相同的长时保持。Using visually serial presentation and the method of serial and free recall,the relative efficiency of the phonetic,formal and semantic three coded dimensions in short-term and long-term memory processing in normal hearing and deaf people were compared.The results showed that the normal hearing people produced obvious phonetic similarity effect in short-term serial recall but the deaf people showed prominently the interference of the formal coded similarity.In short-term and long-term memory,both groups showed that the effects of the formal and semantic code were most intense and the effect of the phonetic code was relatively weaker.The two groups also showed obvious serial- position effect and that the long-term retentions were on the whole the same.The relations of the primacy and recency effect to shortterm and long-term stored systems were discussed.

关 键 词：心理学 音码 形三 义码 短时保持 长时保持 记忆 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]