珍珠菜属植物的花粉形态及其系统进化学意义  

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF LYSIMACHIA AND ITS SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATION

作　　者：邵剑文[1] 张小平[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《微体古生物学报》2005年第1期78-86,共9页Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(98242017);中国科学院现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室项目(0331133);安徽省重要生物资源保护与利用研究重点实验室基金;安徽师范大学青年基金项目(2003xqn149)

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对20 种珍珠菜属植物的花粉形态结构进行了详细研究。根据花粉的大小、形状、表面纹饰和外壁构造等特征可划分为四大类型,即细梗香草型、白花过路黄型、过路黄型和黑腺珍珠菜型。对它们可能的进化水平进行了分析,并结合形态学、细胞学等资料进一步探讨了珍珠菜属各亚属间的系统演化关系。Pollen morphology and wall structure of 20 species of Lysimachia were observed by means of light microscope (LM), scanning electron mic-roscope (SEM) and transition electron microscope (TEM). The pollen grains of Lysimachia are tricolporate, spheroidal, subspheroidal, prolate-spheroidal or prolate, P/E ratios 0.97—1.65, small to medium sized. Pollen grains are elliptic or circular in equatoral view, circular or triangular in polar view with obtuse angles. They are ectoaperture colpus, mostly long with tapering ends. Endoaperture-colpus are lalongate and short with tapering ends or splitting at ends, characterized by H-shaped configuration. In some species, they may meet laterally and produce a continuous equatorial band. Exine varies in thickness from 0.8 μm to 1.5 μm. Sexine is equal to or thicker than nexine. Columellae are indistinct or poorly developed with only small irregular granules. Ornamentation is verrucous-foveolate, nearly smooth or cerebroid with scattered puncta, or is reticulate. In this study 4 pollen types are recognized based on the characteristics of the size and shape of pollen grains, especially on the wall structure and ornamentation of sexine. i.e. Capillipes-type, Heterogenea-type, Huitsunae-type and Christinae-type. In addition, a key to these pollen types were provided. These 4 pollen types of Lysimachia have been arranged in the evolutionary sequence. Among them the Capillipes-type has been considered as the most primitive pollen type, possessing small pollen grains with verrucous-foveolate and imperforate lacking columellae. The Christinae-type has been regarded as a fairly more specialized type with well-developed columellae and reticulate ornamentation. Combined with available cytological and morphological data, the possible relationship of the subgenus in Lysimachia was also discussed.

关 键 词：珍珠菜属 花粉形态 表面纹饰 系统进化 植物 系统演化 细胞学 大小 构造 划分 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]