学习障碍儿童认知功能的某些特点  

Cognitive Function in Children with Learning Disorder

作　　者：张纪水[1] 苏林雁[1] 李雪荣[1] 吴大兴[2] 姚树桥[2] 岳伟华[3] 朱焱[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所,在读博士生410011 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理研究中心,410011 [3]北京大学精神卫生研究所,100083

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2004年第4期239-241,共3页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目 (30 1 0 0 0 54)

摘　　要：目的 :探讨学习障碍 (LD)儿童的脑认知功能特点。方法 :对 3 0例LD儿童和 3 0例正常儿童进行威斯康星卡片 (WCST)及儿童韦氏智力测验和比较。结果 :1 与正常对照组相比 ,LD组WCST完成分类数 ( 4 3 1± 1 2 8/5 10± 1 17)和正确应答数低 ,持续错误数 ( 3 8 5 7± 10 71/2 3 87± 8 41)、总应答数和错误应答数较高 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。 2 LD组总智商 ( 89 0 0± 14 2 6/112 63± 17 0 3 )、言语和操作智商以及算术、理解、积木和拼图因子分均低于正常对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。 3 LD组智力结构失衡发生率 ( 80 % )高于正常对照组 ( 3 0 % ) (P <0 0 1)。 4 相关分析表明 ,LD儿童智商与WCST完成分类和正确应答数呈正相关 (r >0 3 ) ,与总应答数、错误应答数和持续错误数呈负相关 (r >-0 3 )。结论 :LD儿童存在额叶执行功能障碍 ,有认知功能缺陷。Objective: To investigate the cerebral cognitive function and intelligence in children with learning disorder (LD). Method:Thirty children with LD were examined with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Wechsler intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese Revised (WISC-CR). The results were then compared between LD and healthy control.Results:Compared with healthy control, the correct categories of WCST and correct responses in LD group were significantly lower (4.3±1.3/5.1±1.2). The persistent errors (38.6±10.7/23.9±8.4), total trials and total errors of WCST in LD were significantly higher than those in healthy control. In LD group, the full intelligence quotient (FIQ)(89.0±14.3/112.6±17.0) and the verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) of WISC were all significantly lower than those in healthy control. So did scores of four factors of WISC, such as arithmetic, comprehension, and block design and object assembly. The incidence of abnormal intelligence structure in LD (80%) was significantly higher than that in healthy control (30%). The IQ in LD children was positively correlated with the correct categories and correct responses of WCST, and negatively with the total trials and the total errors and persistent errors of WCST.Conclusion:LD children suffered the frontal executive function deficits and cognitive dysfunction.

关 键 词：对照组 正常 LD 应答 儿童认知 操作智商 认知功能缺陷 学习障碍 积木 错误 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] G610[医药卫生—临床医学]