柔性扑翼的气动特性研究  

Aerodynamic Computation of Flexible Flapping-Wing

作　　者：曾锐[1] 昂海松[1] 梅源[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,南京210016 [2]南京电子技术研究所,南京210016

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2005年第1期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国防预研基金资助

摘　　要：以往扑翼的气动力计算研究都很少考虑扑翼的柔性,而在鸟的扑翼动作中,在外加气动力和鸟自身的扑动力作用下,扑翼的柔性变形相当大。本文在原有匀速刚性模型的基础上,提出考虑了扑翼扑动速率变化和形状变化的扑翼分析模型,使之更接近鸟翼柔性扑动真实情况。通过计算分析气动特性发现,控制适当的话,柔性变形能大大改善扑翼的气动性能。本文通过模拟鸟扑翼的柔性运动,计算了时柔性扑翼气动力以及平均升力系数和平均推力系数随着扑动角、倾斜角等参数变化的情况,从而从气动的角度解释了为什么鸟在不同的飞行阶段扑翼规律各不相同,并为柔性扑翼飞行器的设计提供了理论依据。In the past researches of flapping wing, the flexibility of wing was ignored, but when a bird flies, the wings are deformed seriously by the outer aerodynamic loads and the inner forces. On the base of the conventional rigid wing flap model, a new flexible flapping-wing flap model considering the change of flap velocity and the deformation of wing was developed to approach to the real flap motion of bird wings. Compared the aerodynamic loads of rigid wing with flexible wing, it is found that a proper deformation enables to enlarge the lift and thrust of flapping-wing. In addition, the flexible flapping wing's lift coefficient and thrust coefficient changed with flap model parameters such as flap angel and incline angel, are evaluated. The computed results explain why bird flap wing follows the different rules in the individual flying phases, and provide reference data for future design of ornithopter with flexible flapping-wing.

关 键 词：柔性扑翼 微型飞行器 扑翼模型 数值模拟计算 

分 类 号：V211.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V211.3