月季切花真空预冷水分损失与补充的研究  

Studies on the Water Loss and Compensation of Cut Rose during Process of Vacuum Precooling

作　　者：高俊平[1] 孙自然[1] 周山涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农业大学园艺系

出　　处：《园艺学报》1994年第4期381-385,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：中国博士后基金

摘　　要：以‘红衣主教’月季切花为试材进行了真空预冷中防止失水的研究。比较了三种不同预冷终温（１０、５、２℃）和两种不同补水方式（茎基吸水和叶面喷水）对月季花枝水分状况及瓶插寿命的影响。真空预冷过程中的鲜重损失以茎基吸水处理最小；叶面喷水次之；不给水处理最大。花朵水势测定结果表明，真空预冷后茎基吸水处理为－０．３～－０．４ｍＰａ，与处理前相近；叶面喷水则显著降低；不给水处理最低。不同处理的瓶插寿命，茎基吸水处理为６～７天，与不经真空预冷的对照相近，叶面喷水次之；不给水处理最短，尤其在２℃预冷终温下平均只有３．６天。Water loss and compensation of cut flower of 'karolonal' rose during theprocess of vacuum precooling were investigated via the following treatment: a)unprecooling treatment as control (CK); b) different means of water supply, includingno water supply, water spray and water absorbing through the stem of cut flower; c) various precooling temperature, from room temperature (27.5℃) to 10, 5, 2℃ respectively. The results showed that:1) Vase life of cut rose treated by water absorbing was 6～7 days, similar to that ofthe control. With treatment of no water supply. However, the vase life was significantlyshortened, particularly with the precooling temperature being lowered to 20℃, while thevase life with treatment of water spray was intermediate.2) Loss of fresh weight during vacuum precooling was the lowest with the cut rosetreated by water absorbing, and the highest with the treatment of no water supply.3) After the vacuum precooling, water potential of the cut rose treated by water absorbing was-0.3～-0.4mPa, which was similar to the levels before the treatment. Withthe treatments of water spray or no water supply, however, the water potential was reduced. The differences of water potential among treatments were reduced after 48h of drystorage at 8℃, which were developed again after vasing. These results showed a newmethod for prevention of the water loss during vacuum precooling

关 键 词：切花 月季 真空预冷 花朵水势 水分损失 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]