柴油机燃用掺水燃料的节油机理的定量分析  

A Quantitative Analysis of Mechanism for Saving Fuel by Using Emulsion Fuel in Diesel Engines

作　　者：傅维标[1] 侯凌云[1] 王利坡[1] 马凡华[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程力学系,北京100084 [2]清华大学汽车工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《内燃机》2005年第2期1-5,9,共6页Internal Combustion Engines

基　　金：国家科技部"973"项目(2001CB209203);国家自然科学重点基金资助项目(50136040)

摘　　要：在分析了在内燃机中已雾化的油珠(20～30μm)不可能再发生二次雾化———微爆的基础上,通过计算、分析,回答了为什么此时柴油机仍能节油的问题。首先从理论上计算出其最大节油率在4%左右。它与我国和我们自己的实验值相当吻合。并提出了节油的三个主要原因。本文并未涉及微爆原理,而仅从多组份液体燃料蒸发的基本方程出发,就可定量地算得放热速率、燃尽速率以及它们随曲轴转角的变化,并与实验结果基本一致,不仅可以解释掺水燃烧节油的机理,还可以弄清掺水燃烧的降污机理。Based on being impossible to occur the second atomizing-micro-explosion in diesel engines for a emulsified droplet which has been atomized to become d_p=20～30 μm.It is the first time theoretically to answer the reasons why the combustion in diesel engines can still save fuel when the micro-explosion does not exist in emulsified fuel.The computation of a revised KIVAⅢ is used to analyze the problem.We are the first to compute and obtain the maximum rate of saving fuel in theory,which is about 4%,and that is in good agreement with experimental results of ourselves and at home.The three main reasons of saving fuel are presented.It is seen from this,although the micro-explosion is not involved in the computation,the changes of rate of heat release,rate of burning out and its changes with crank angle can be computed from basic equations of mutiple-pieces for liquid fuel,and comparations with experiments are in agreement basically.It can not only explain the mechanism of saving fuel for combustion of emulsified fuel,but also find out its mechanism of reducing pollution which will be described in another paper.

关 键 词：掺水燃料 蒸发 燃烧 节油 

分 类 号：TK421.7[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]