甜菜碱与酵母铬对4～7周龄肉仔鸡胴体品质及脂质代谢的影响  

Effect of Betaine and Yeast Chromium on Carcass Quality and Lipid Metabolism in 4-7-week-old Broiler Chickens

作　　者：郝俊虎[1,2] 王俊东[1] 庞全海[1] 李俊平[1,3] 张建峰[1] 张建海[1] 姚华[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科技学院 [2]宁夏出入境检验检疫局,银川750001 [3]中国兽医药品监察所 北京 100081 [4]中国农业大学,北京100094

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2005年第4期803-812,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(981087);山西省归国留学基金资助项目(99044)

摘　　要：选用21 日龄AA 肉仔鸡288 只,随机分为9 个处理组,每组32 只,设4 个重复,每个重复8 只。采用3×3(酵母铬×甜菜碱)二因子三水平有重复试验设计。在玉米-豆粕型日粮基础上添加不同水平的酵母铬(以铬计0、400、600 μg·kg-1)与甜菜碱(0、800、1 000 mg·kg-1)以饲喂基础日粮组为对照组,用以研究二者对肉仔鸡胴体品质及脂质代谢的影响,并初步探讨二者的互作效应。试验期4 周,结果表明:(1)甜菜碱与酵母铬对肉仔鸡的屠宰率、腹脂率、全净膛率均有互作效应(P<0.01),半净膛率无互作效应。屠宰率、全净膛率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。腹脂率均显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)甜菜碱和酵母铬对肝脏、胸肌、腿肌TG、TC 均有互作效应(P<0.01)。8 个试验组均低于对照组(P<0.01)。综合分析,效果最佳的为1 000mg·kg-1甜菜碱+400 μg·kg-1酵母铬组。(3)第7 周末,各试验组血清总胆固醇(TC)、尿酸(UA)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(Glu)均低于对照组(P<0.01);而血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均高于对照组(P<0.01)。An experiment was conducted using a total of 288 three-week-old AA broiler chickens to investigate the effects of adding yeast chromium (0, 400, 600 μg·kg-1 respectively) and betaine (0, 800, 1 000 mg·kg-1 respectively) to corn soybean diets on carcass quality and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens and their interaction. Chickens were randomly divided into 9 treatments (32 for each treatment, 8 for each replicate). A 3×3 (chromium×betaine) experiment with replicates was designed. The basal diet was used as control group, and the experiment lasted for four weeks. The result showed:(1) There were significant effects of interaction between betaine and chromium on slaughter rate, abdomininal fat rate, the rate of the whole pure thorax, (P<0.01) and no significant interactive effects on half pure thorax rate (P>0.05).(2) Betaine and chromium on the content of cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in liver and muscle of chest and leg had interactive effects (P<0.01). Analysis showed that, it was better for the test group to add 1 000 mg·kg-1 betaine and 400μg·kg-1 chromium at the same time.(3) At the end of 7 weeks, betaine and chromium significantly increased the concentrations of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), free fatty acid (FFA), high density lipid protein chloesterol(HDL-C) in serum compared with control group (P<0.01) and significantly reduced the concentrations of cholesterol (TC), uric acid (UA), low density lipid protein chloesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and glucose (Glu).

关 键 词：甜菜碱 酵母铬 肉仔鸡 胴体品质 脂质代谢 脂肪肝综合征 饲料添加剂 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S858.31[农业科学—畜牧兽医]