长期口服雌激素对去卵巢大鼠海马结构内胆碱能神经元的影响  

Effects of long-term oral estrogen on cholinergic neurons in hippocampal formation of ovariectomized rats

作　　者：蒋波[1] 廖二元[2] 谭利明[1] 戴如春[2] 肖志杰[1] 廖慧娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院神经内科,长沙410011 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院代谢内分泌研究所,长沙410011

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2005年第4期325-329,共5页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

基　　金："十五"国家医学科技攻关课题(2001BA702B03)

摘　　要：目的观察长期雌激素缺乏大鼠海马结构内胆碱能神经元的变化,同时比较长期口服复方尼尔雌醇和小剂量17β-雌二醇对去卵巢大鼠海马结构内胆碱能神经元的作用及效果。方法7月龄SD大鼠随机分成5组:正常对照组、假手术组(SHAM)、去卵巢组(OVX)、17β-雌二醇预防干预组(OVX/ERT)和复方尼尔雌醇预防干预组(OVX/NL),5组均在去卵巢后35周处死。用免疫组织化学的方法(SABC法)显示老年大鼠海马结构内的胆碱能神经元,细胞计数及图象分析法观察其数量、形态结构和胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT)表达的变化。结果OVX组海马结构各亚区的胆碱能神经元较少。OVX组海马结构各亚区胆碱能神经元的数量和平均光密度均低于正常组、SHAM组、OVX/ERT组和OVX/NL组(P<005),在其他各组之间无显著性差异。结论长期雌激素缺乏导致了大鼠海马结构内胆碱能神经元数量及ChAT表达的下降,推测是导致去卵巢老年大鼠记忆力下降的原因之一。长期口服小剂量17β-雌二醇和复方尼尔雌醇补充治疗可防止上述变化的出现,有助于胆碱能神经元的生长和存活。复方尼尔雌醇获得了与小剂量17β-雌二醇相同的效果。Objective To quantify the effects of long-term estrogen deficiency and estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) of compound nylestriol tablet (NL) and low-dose 17β-estradiol on cholinergic neurons in hippocampal formation of ovariectomized (OVX) rat. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 7 months were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control, sham, OVX, OVX plus 17β-estradiol (OVX/ERT), and OVX plus compound nylestriol tablet (OVX/NL). The determination of the changes of cholinergic neuron number and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression in hippocampal formation were quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry of ChAT. Results Cholinergic neuron number and optical density of hippocampal formation in OVX rats markedly derceased but there was no difference among normal control, sham, OVX/NL, and OVX/ERT rats. Conclusion Estrogen deficiency may result in a decrease of cholinergic neuron number and the expression of ChAT, which may be the factor related to memory deficit in OVX rats while replacement therapy of low-dose 17β-estradiol or compound nylestriol tablet can equally maintain the integrity and plasticity of cholinergic neurons in OVX rat hippocampal formation.

关 键 词：胆碱能神经元 大鼠海马结构 长期口服 去卵巢 胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT) 17β-雌二醇 雌激素缺乏 尼尔雌醇 免疫组织化学 正常对照组 SABC法 图象分析法 平均光密度 显著性差异 神经元数量 记忆力下降 小剂量 OVX SD大鼠 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]