叶绿体发育和光对小麦叶谷氨酰胺合成酶基因表达的影响  

INFLUENC OF CHLOROPLAST DEVELOPMENT AND LIGHT ON THE GENE EXPRESSION OF GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE IN WHEAT LEAVES

作　　者：印莉萍[1] 柴晓清[1] 刘祥林[1] 李欣[1] 李司达 吴晓强[1] 张承谦[1] 赵微平[2] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业技术学院,广州510225 [2]首都师范大学生物系,北京100037

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1994年第8期597-602,共6页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

摘　　要：利用电镜、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素柱层析技术和小麦叶谷氨酰胺合成酶（ＧＳ）酶活性测定，研究了小麦叶片不同发育梯度的叶绿体超微结构和ＧＳ同功酶活性之间的关系。结果表明，从叶基至叶尖，随着叶绿体的成熟，净光合率增加，ＧＳ活性增加。各发育阶段离体叶绿体的３Ｈ－Ｕｒａ，３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕ 掺入试验和ＧＳ的Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ表明，基部是基因表达活性最高的部位。ＧＳｍ ＲＮＡ 在叶绿体发育阶段最多，而ＧＳ酶活性则在成熟叶绿体的部位最高。对黄化苗进行光照，ＧＳｍ ＲＮＡ 和ＧＳ活性明显增加，７２小时达到正常绿苗同等水平。由此说明核编码的叶绿体ＧＳ基因为光调控基因，明显促进了叶绿体ＧＳ基因的转录。The ralationship between the developing chloroplast ultrastructure and glutamine synthetase (GS) activity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaf has been studied by electron microscopy, DEAE cellulose column chromatography and GS enzyme activity assay. The results showed that net photosynthesis rate and GS activity increased from basal meristerm to the tip of the leaf along with the development of chloroplasts. The investigation of the incorporation of 3H Uracil and 3 H Leucine into isolated plastids and Northern blot indicated that the level of gene expression was the highest in basal section. The acumulation of GS mRNA was most abundant in the developing chloroplast and GS activity was the highest in the developed chloroplast. Within 72 hours of illumination to etiolated seedlings, the quantity of GS mRNA and GS activity increased gradually to the same level of normal seedlings, these observations suggested that the light inducible regulation of GS gene expression is at least at a transcriptional level and the increase in GS on illumination is due largely to the de nove protein synthesis.

关 键 词：谷氨酰胺 合成酶 叶绿体 小麦 光 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]