中国第二次北极科学考察沿线气溶胶成分分析  

Soluble Species in the Aerosols Collected on the Route of the Second Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

作　　者：徐建中[1] 孙俊英[1] 任贾文[1] 秦大河[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2005年第2期205-212,共8页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40071025)资助

摘　　要：对2003年7月15~9月28日间中国第二次北极科学考察沿线所采集的气溶胶样品进行分析,获得了Na+、NH+4 、Ca2+、Cl-、MSA、SO2-4 等11种离子的浓度数据(文中使用当量浓度).根据相关分析, 可将11种离子分为3类: 海盐源离子, 包括Na+、Mg2+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO2-4 ; 人为源, 包括NH+4 、NO-3 ; 其它源, 包括 CH3COO-、MSA、C2O2-4 . 气溶胶以海盐气溶胶为主, Cl-、Na+ 离子分别是阴阳离子中含量最大的离子, (Na+ +Cl- )对气溶胶载量(所测定的阴阳离子的总和)的贡献平均为60.2%, 占气溶胶总量的一半以上. NH+4 /SO2-4 的比值的平均为0.45, 根据当地的大气环境和气溶胶的离子平衡, 认为气溶胶样品中NH+4 和 SO2-4 主要是以 NH4HSO4的形式结合. 根据考察沿线 NO-3 浓度的变化, 把考察沿线大致分为3个区: 日本海区, 中值为15.2 neq·m-3; 鄂霍次克海及白令海区, 中值为1.8 neq·m-3; 北冰洋区, 其浓度较低, 中值为0.4 neq·m-3. 考察沿线白令海是MSA的高产区.Marine aerosol samples are collected on the route of the Second Chinese National Article Research Expedition from July 15 to September 28, 2003. The concentrations of water soluble ions (Na~~、NH~^-4、Ca~{2~}、Cl^-、 MSA 、 SO~{2-}-4 and so on) are obtained. By correlation analysis, the ions can be divided into three groups: 1) Na~~, Mg~{2~}, K~~, Ca~{2~}, Cl^-, SO~{2-}-4, mainly from sea salt; 2) NH~{4~}, NO~{-}-3, markedly from coastal regions of the continents; 3) Ace, MSA, C2O~{2-}-4, from other sources. Marine aerosols are the dominant ions, Cl^- and Na~~ are the most dominant anions and cations, and these two ions (Na~~~Cl^-) account for 60.2% of the total aerosol load. The mean ratio of NH~^-4/SO~{2-}-4 is 0.45. Based on the balance between ions and environment, it is suggested that ammonium and sulfate exist mainly in the form of NH^4HSO^4. According to the concentration of NO^--3, the expedition route may be divided into three parts: Japan Sea with a NO^--3 media value of 15.2 neq·m~{-3}, Sea of Okhostk and Bering Sea with a NO^--3 media value of 1.8 neq·m~{-3} and Arctic Ocean with a NO^--3 media value of 0.4 neq·m~{-3}. Comparing the concentrations of main water-soluble ions between the First and Second Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition, it is found that the two concentrations are basically identical, the mean concentration of Na~~ is 36.3 and 36.2, and that of SO~{2-}-4 is 17.7 and 22.1, respectively. The highest MSA appears in the Bering Sea. The concentrations of the two NO^--3's series are quite identical, so it can be taken as an indicator of anthropogenic activity.

关 键 词：海盐气溶胶 北极地区 可溶性成分 MSA 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境] P412.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]