高温质子交换膜燃料电池用Nafion/SiO_2复合膜研究进展  

Research development of Nafion/SiO_2 composite membrane for high temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

作　　者：余军[1] 潘牧[1] 袁润章[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2005年第2期91-94,98,共5页Membrane Science and Technology

摘　　要：传统的质子交换膜燃料电池在高温下工作时,质子膜会因温度升高而发生脱水和膜/SiO2复合膜电阻升高的现象,这对提高燃料电池的工作性能是一个致命的阻碍.由于Nafion 具有较好的吸水和保水性能和较好的阻止甲醇渗透的能力,人们通过溶胶-凝胶法或重铸法/SiO2复合膜,并于高温(80～140℃)下应用在质子交换膜燃料电池和直接甲合成了Nafion /SiO2复合膜的制备方法、结构性能及研究情况,并分析了醇燃料电池中.简单介绍了Nafion 存在的问题和其广阔的应用前景./SiO2复合膜;燃料电池;高温;Water loss and coincident increase in membrane resistance to proton conduction are significant barriers to high performance operation of traditional proton -exchange membrane fuel cells at elevated temperatures where the relative humidity may be reduced.The Nafion~/SiO_2 composite membranes were studied for operation in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)and direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC)from 80 to 140 ℃.The composite membranes were prepared either by an impregnation of Nafion membranes via sol-gel processing of tetraethoxysilane or by preparing a recast film.The silicon oxide could improve the water content and retention of the composite membranes,increasing proton conductivity at elevated temperature and decreasing the rate of methanol permeation. Moreover, when the fuel cells work at high temperature,it also could decrease the CO poisoning and improve the efficiency of catalyzer.The way of preparation,the structure and performance and the research of the Nafion~/SiO_2 composite membranes are summarized, the problem and the application prospect of the Nafion~/SiO_2 composite membranes are also analysised.

关 键 词：Nafion/SiO2 质子交换膜燃料电池 复合膜 研究进展 高温 直接甲醇燃料电池 溶胶一凝胶法 温度升高 甲醇渗透 保水性能 工作性能 制备方法 研究情况 结构性能 工作时 膜电阻 应用 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]