苏北王港近岸表层沉积物元素地球化学特征与环境意义  

Geochemical Characteristics and Environmental Significance of Surface Sediment on the Wanggang Nearshore Jiangsu Province

作　　者：丁海燕[1] 张振克[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《海洋通报》2005年第3期29-36,共8页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40271004)资助

摘　　要：对王港河河道及河口附近潮滩典型地貌部位表层沉积物粒度、常量和微量元素进行分析,结果表明:潮滩和河道近岸沉积物为粘土质粉砂,粒度分布频率曲线在平均高潮线附近的沉积物为双峰态外,其余为单峰态。互花米草滩沉积物中常量和微量元素(Al2O3,TiO2,CaO,Fe2O3,K2O,MgO,MnO和Cu,Rb,Pb,As,Zn)均表现出相对富积的特征,盐蒿滩次之,反映海岸带互花米草在削浪促淤的过程中,对重金属污染有效吸附作用比盐蒿潮滩滩大。SiO2化学性质比较稳定,对沉积地貌动力的响应比较显著,近岸高潮线附近和河道中主洪道沉积物SiO2含量明显偏高。河闸上游河道沉积物中烧失量、磷(P2O5)、硫(稳定态SO3)的含量最高,反映流域营养盐在水闸以上河段沉积物中富积,重金属元素Rb,Pb,As,Ba在河道沉积物中与地壳风度相比表现为富集。王港附近潮滩表层沉积物物质组成不仅与王港河、黄河及长江的物质来源有关,而且与古潮滩沉积再搬运、再沉积以及人类围垦及排放污染活动有关。As,S是该区主要的污染元素。The grain size, macroelements and microelements of the surface sediments in the typical positions of Wanggang River and tidal flat near the estuary are analysed and the results show that the sediment in the tidal flat and riverside is clayey fine sand. Frequency curve of the grain size near the mean high water line is double-peaked , and the rest are single-peaked. The macroelements (Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , K 2 O, MgO, MnO ) and microelements ( Cu, Rb, Pb, As, Zn ) of the surface sediment in the Spartina alterniflora site have a characteristic of comparatively increasing accumulation, and are followed by Spartina anglica. This phenomenon reflects that the efficient absorption of Spartina to the heavy metal is higher than that of Spartina anglica. The chemical attribute of SiO 2 is stable, which has notable response to the dynamic sedimentary physiognomy. The content of SiO2 near the high water line and in the key flood discharge channel of the river is obviously high. In the river course upstream the floodgate ,the content of organic ( LOI ), P 2 O 5 , SO 3 is richest , from which we can see that nutrients have a trend of accumulating in the river section before coming to the floodgate. and so does heavy metal such as Rb, Pb, As, Ba. The source of Wanggang sediment is not only relevant with the sediment source of Wanggang River 、the Changjiang River and the Yellow River but with the Huaihe River's sediment transportation 、paleo-tidal flat sediment's re-transport and re-deposition. The material of Wanggang tidal flat and river is not only from the earth's crust but from human activity's production. As and stable S are the main pollution elements in this region.

关 键 词：近岸带 表层沉积物 元素地球化学 环境意义 王港 

分 类 号：P736.213[天文地球—海洋地质]