超重飞行中飞机姿态改变模拟超G错觉  

Inflight demonstration of G-excess illusion by attitude changes in hypergravity

作　　者：贾宏博[1] 于立身[1] 杨毅[1] 刘广莉[1] 谢溯江[1] 毕红哲[1] 李春波 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所 [2]中国人民解放军95949部队

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2004年第4期197-200,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：总装备部预研基金资助项目(00J0022JB2102)

摘　　要：目的　观察盘旋飞行时由飞机姿态突然改变所诱发的超G错觉,为我军飞行员进行该错觉的训练提供依据。　方法　根据超G错觉理论和地面试验结果设计飞机以一定坡度盘旋过程中突然改变倾斜角度的飞行方案,在歼教7 飞机上,由1 名飞行教员在前舱按此方案带飞11 名受试飞行员,受试飞行员在后舱闭眼体会飞机姿态,在规定的时间点报告感觉到的飞机姿态,对此知觉与飞行参数记录系统记录的飞机实际姿态进行同步比较,判断飞行员是否出现错觉及错觉程度。每名受试飞行员体验1次。　结果　记录有效架次9架次(9人次),8人次出现对飞机坡度改变夸大的错觉,飞机以60°坡度飞行时实际改变坡度9 8°±0 7°,飞行员感觉到的坡度变化平均为20 4°±8 5°。　结论　超重飞行中,飞行员会对飞机姿态的改变产生夸大的错觉,飞行员可通过体验这种错觉以预防由此引发的事故。本飞行方案可以供该错觉的空中模拟体验训练之用。Objective To establish the inflight demonstration method of G-excess illusion for the illusion training of pilots. Methods A flight test program with changes of bank angle in turning flying was devised according to the G-excess illusion theory and ground experiments results. In a JT-7 aircraft, an instructor in fore seat piloted the plane following the devised program and 11 fighter pilots were arranged in turn in rear seat with eyes closed to experience the illusion. The subjects were asked to report their perception of the plane attitude at indicated time points. By comparing the reported attitude with the actual attitude of the plane recorded by a flight parameter recording system synchronously, the occurrence and magnitude of the illusion were determined. Results Effective recordings were obtained in 9 out of 11 experimental sorties. Illusion of exaggerated change of bank angle occurred in 8/9 pilots. The actual change of bank angle from 60°was 9.8°±0.7°, while the perceived change was 20.4°±8.5°. Conclusions In hypergravity flying environment, pilots can overestimate the attitude changes of the aircraft, and may result in accidents. The devised in flight G-excess illusion demonstration program can be used for the illusion training of pilots.

关 键 词：错觉 超重力 空间知觉 耳石膜 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]