过量施用含DMPP氮肥对小白菜硝酸盐累积的影响  

Influence of excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer containing DMPP on nitrate accumulation of pakchoi.

作　　者：许超[1] 吴良欢[1] 张立民[2] 巨晓棠[3] 张福锁[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江省海宁市农业技术推广中心,浙江海宁314400 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2005年第B06期106-110,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370838);浙江省科技攻关项目(021102084);德国BASF公司资助项目

摘　　要：采用田间试验对过量施用含硝化抑制剂3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)氮肥对小白菜硝酸盐累积及营养品质的影响作了研究.结果表明,与尿素(urea)、硫硝铵(ASN)相比,DMPP与硫硝铵、尿素配合形成的新型氮肥(ASN+DMPP,urea+DMPP)均可显著降低小白菜硝酸盐累积,提高Vc、氨基酸、可溶性糖和Zn含量,改善品质,ASN+DMPP作用更为明显.与ASN、urea相比,ASN+DMPP处理小白菜NO3--N含量分别降低16.0%和14.1%,均达到了显著性水平;urea+DMPP与urea、ASN相比,小白菜NO3--N含量分别降低7.9%和7.6%,均达到了显著性水平.urea+DMPP、ASN+DMPP明显减少茎叶、特别是茎中硝酸盐积累,抑制幅度以ASN+DMPP较大.此外,ASN+DMPP还可缓解因氮肥过多引起的减产效应.The influences of excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer containing nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on nitrate accumulation and nutritional quality of pakchoi were studied in field experiment. Nitrogen fertilizers of new type formed by coordination of DMPP with ammonium sulfate and urea (ASN+DMPP, urea+DMPP) could reduce markedly nitrate accumulation, increase Vc, amino acid, soluble sugar and Zn content in pakchoi as compared with urea and ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN), and improve quality, the action of (ASN+DMPP) was more obvious. Compared with ASN and urea, NO3--N content in pakchoi treated with ASN+DMPP reduced 16.0% and 14.1% respectively, all reaching marked level, urea+DMPP compared with urea and ASN, the content reduced 7.9% and 7.6% respectively, also reaching marked level. urea+DMPP and ASN+DMPP reduced obviously nitrate accumulation in stems and leaves, especially in stems. The inhibition range of ASN+DMPP was greater. In addition, ASN+DMPP could also alleviate the yield decrease effect caused by excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers.

关 键 词：氮肥 3 4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐 硝酸盐 营养品质 小白菜 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S634.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]