论出土文本字词关系的考证与表述  

On the Textual Research and Expression of the Relationship of Chinese Characters and Words in Unearthed Text

作　　者：李运富[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2005年第2期74-81,共8页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

摘　　要：出土文本文字的考释有“完全考释”和“非完全考释”之别,完全考释应该对字的“形、音、义、用”都作出合理解释。考证时会涉及许多相关的字和词,对各种字词关系(含字际关系和词际关系)应该有科学的表述。在非完全考释中,有些字词关系不明确,表述时应注意实事求是。常有人仅仅根据异文就断言某字是某字的借字,仅仅根据形体相近就断言某字跟某字读音相同,甚至把出土文本中所有跟后代习用字不同而意义相当的字都看作通假字,这些判断或表述往往是不准确或靠不住的。There are two kinds of explanations about the Chinese characters in unearthed text: 'complete explanation' and 'incomplete explanation'. Complete explanation should explain the form, pronunciation, meaning and usage of the characters with reason. In textual research,we might meet many interrelated characters and words, so we should express all kinds of relationship of characters and words (including the relationship of characters and the the relationship of words) scientifically. There is some ambiguity in the relationship of characters and words in incomplete explanation, therefore we ought to be practical and realistic in expression. Many people affirm that one character is the borrowing of another character solely based on different texts, and affirm that two characters have the same pronunciation based on their similar forms only, even look on all the characters whose forms are different from the late characters but having equivalent meaning as borrowing. All of these judgements or expressions are incorrect and unauthentic.

关 键 词：表述 字词 文本 出土 考证 字际关系 实事求是 考释 通假字 文字 解释 异文 形体 用字 

分 类 号：H124.3[语言文字—汉语] G633.7[文化科学—教育学]