古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮中一株嗜热细菌的特性  

Properties of a Strand of Bacilli Isolated from a Microbiotic Crust in the Gurbantonggut Desert, Xinjiang

作　　者：潘惠霞[1] 张元明[1] 程争鸣[1] 牟书勇[1] 齐晓玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2005年第2期211-213,共3页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(90202019);国家"863"计划(2004AA227110-3)

摘　　要：从新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮中分离出一株嗜热、革兰氏阳性芽孢杆菌。该种生长的温度范围为27～58℃,最适宜的生长温度为47℃。能分解淀粉、果胶,并能液化明胶。生长pH范围为6.0～l0.0,可在15%的NaCl中生长,经鉴定为Bacillus.sp.。Thermophilic bacilli have a peculiar adaptability to high-temperature habitats, they inhabit mainly in high-temperature environment, such as areas around hot springs. It is extremely arid and hot in the Gurbantonggut Desert, Xinjiang in summer, which provide the fine conditions for thermophilic bacilli to inhabit there. In this paper, a strand of thermophilic bacilli, 1.0×1.5～2.0×2.5 μm in size, was iso1ated from a microbiotic crust in the Gurbantonggut desert, Xinjiang. Among 34 bacillus genera 6 genera are thermophilic bacilli, i.e., the Bacillus acidocaldarius, B. brevis, B. coagulans, B. licheniformis, Bschlegllih, and B. stearothermophilus. It is identified that the thermophilic bacilli iso1ated from a microbiotic crust in the Gurbantonggut desert are Bacillus sp. The morpha and the physiological and biochemical properties of the bacilli are researched. The tests of the thermophilic bacilli were carried out under the temperatures of 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ and 70 ℃ respectively, and the pH values for the growing tests of thermophilic bacilli were 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 respectively. The results show that the bacilli can grow under a temperature range of 25 ℃～58 ℃, a pH value range of 6.0～10.0 and NaCl of 15%, and the optimal temperature for the growth of bacilli is 47 ℃. The bacilli can decompose starch and gelatin, and can fluidify glutin. If it is further testified that these enzymes could also grow under high temperature and have high activation, they will be extensively used in industrial production, food processing, pharmaceutical industry, etc.

关 键 词：古尔班通古特沙漠 生物结皮 嗜热细菌 芽孢杆菌 温度范围 生长温度 pH范围 NAA 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]