中链脂肪乳剂的临床应用  

The clinical use of medium-chain triglyceride emulsion during parenteral nutrition

作　　者：吴国豪[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医科大学附属中山医院普外科

出　　处：《中国临床营养杂志》2000年第1期55-55,共1页Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

摘　　要：脂肪乳剂是肠外营养的重要组成部分，静脉输注脂肪乳剂除提供机体代谢所需的能量外，还为机体提供了生物膜和生物活性物质代谢所需的多不饱和脂肪酸，而且可以防止或纠正机体必需脂肪酸的缺乏。目前临床上常用的脂肪乳剂是富含长链甘油三酯的脂肪乳剂，其大剂量或长期使用被认为可影响机体网状内皮系统、肝脏等重要脏器的功能。含中链甘油三酯的脂肪乳剂，由于其结构、生化特征，具有氧化快而完全，较少依赖肉毒碱转运等优点，目前已普遍应用于临床营养支持中。大量的动物实验和临床实践均证实，中链脂肪乳剂在危重病人、脏器功能不全、儿科患者等各领域均发挥其独特的作用。同时，中铸脂肪乳剂还较少地影响脂蛋白代谢和机体网状内皮系统功能。近年来，新一代的含结构型甘油三酯的脂肪乳剂被认为比物理混合的中／长链脂肪乳剂具有更小毒性、更有效的省氮效应以及不影响机体网状内皮系统功能等优点。For years,intravenous fat emulsions supply has been considered as a means of providing an efficient fuel to many tissues of the they and of preventing or correcting essential fatty acid deficiency. Conventional available fat emulsions contain longchain triglycerides (LCT) which has been considered aariation with numerous adverse effects including impaired immune, pulmonary, hepatic and platelet functions. Recently,a fat emulsion containing LCT and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) in a physical or chemical mixture have been developed for intravenous use. There are much theory,experimental and clinical data indicated that MCT possess some advantages over LCT. MCT are widely used in clinical nutritional support now. We attempts to summarise the evidence concering the clinical use of MCT as an intravenous fat,and compare the effects with conventional LCT preparation in various clinical conditions.

关 键 词：中链脂肪乳剂 临床应用 多不饱和脂肪酸 长链甘油三酯 网状内皮系统 中链甘油三酯 必需脂肪酸 肠外营养 机体代谢 静脉输注 物质代谢 生物活性 长期使用 生物膜 大剂量 

分 类 号：R459.3[医药卫生—治疗学]