碳同位素技术在土壤碳循环研究中的应用  

ISOTOPE TRACER APPROACHES IN SOIL ORGANIC CARBON CYCLE RESEARCH

作　　者：于贵瑞[1] 王绍强[1] 陈泮勤[2] 李庆康[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院资源与环境科学技术局,北京100864

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2005年第5期568-577,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"中国陆地生态系统碳循环及其驱动机制研究"(编号:2002CB412501);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所主干科学计划"中国陆地生态系统土壤碳估算"(编号:CXIOG E020202);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"中国陆地和近海生态系统碳收支研究"(KZCX1SW0119)资助.

摘　　要：碳在土壤中的储量和存储时间是陆地生态系统碳库中最大和最长的,而土地利用方式会影响到土壤碳储量及其循环周期,因此有效的土地利用管理可使土壤成为一个碳汇。土壤储存碳的过程就是土壤有机碳动态平衡的变化,因此认识土壤有机碳的动态变化是揭示土壤碳循环过程及其调控机制的重要方面。首先介绍了碳的一种稳定性同位素(13C)和放射性同位素(14C)在生态系统长期动态过程的重建(如C3/C4植被的历史格局)、土壤有机碳周转周期等方面的应用,探讨了同位素示踪技术在土壤有机碳来源、周转周期、土壤CO2通量的变化和组分区分、同位素富集等研究领域的应用,归纳了土壤碳循环研究中的基本问题,提出了未来土壤碳循环同位素示踪的主要研究方向。Among carbon pools of terrestrial ecosystems, the soil carbon storage is the largest and has the longest resident time. Since the soil carbon storage and its cycling are affected by the land use practice, effective land use management can result in the role of soil as a carbon sink. The process of soil carbon sequestration is the change of dynamic balance of soil organic carbon (SOC), which is critical for revealing the process and regulatory mechanism of soil carbon cycle. This paper presents and summaries the application of stable and radioactive carbon isotopes (δ^(13)C and ^(14)C) in the regeneration of long-term carbon dynamics process of ecosystem(such as the historical pattern of C 3/C 4 vegetation) and in SOC cycling. The application of isotopic techniques in the studies of SOC source and cycling, soil CO (2) flux change and component difference, isotopic enrichment, etc. is also discussed. In addition, the fundamental issues related to SOC dynamics are outlined and the major topics for isotopic tracer of SOC dynamics in future are proposed in the paper.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 碳循环 稳定性同位素 放射性同位素 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]