长江、黄河悬移载荷粒度组成的比较研究  

Comparative Study on the Composition of Grain Size of Suspended Sediments from the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers

作　　者：潘燕俊[1] 郭志刚[1] 杨作升[1] 范德江[1] 孙效功[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第3期417-422,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重大基础研究项目 (2 0 0 2CB41 2 4 0 4 ) ;国家自然科学基金 (90 2 1 1 0 2 2 ;40 2 760 1 6)资助

摘　　要：针对沉积物粒度参数对入海泥沙通量、物源和沉积动力模型研究的重要性,利用激光粒度分析仪对2 0 0 0～2 0 0 1年期间长江、黄河下游不同季节悬移载荷的粒度组成进行了比较研究。结果显示,长江下游悬移载荷的粒度组成以粉砂、粘土为主,几乎不含砂,分选较差,泥沙来源比较复杂。黄河下游悬移载荷的粒度组成以粉砂为主,粘土次之,并含少量砂,分选较差,泥沙绝大部分来自黄土高原。长江下游不同季节悬移载荷粒度组成差别较小,而黄河下游悬移载荷组成有明显的季节性变化。黄河与长江悬浮沉积物的粒度组成有显著的差异,沉积物物源、河道形态和纵比降以及水量变化可能是造成这一区别的主要原因。The grain size of suspended sediments from the downstream of the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers in different seasons was measured using a laser grain size analyzer. The results show that the suspended sediments of the Changjiang River are mainly composed of silt and clay, and with almost no sand. The sorting of sediments of the Changjiang River is poor. The distributional pattern of grain size of the suspended sediments from the Changjiang River suggests that their source is complicated. The suspended sediments from the Huanghe River are composed mainly of silt and some clay. The sorting of the Huanghe River's sediments is poorer than that of the Changjiang River's sediments. The influential factors for the difference of grain size of suspended sediments between the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers may be their difference in source of sediments,morphology and longitudinal degradation of watercourse and runoff.

关 键 词：长江 黄河 悬移载荷 粒度组成 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P572.31[天文地球—矿物学]