中国种诸葛菜变种群的核型研究  

A Study on the Karyotype of Some Chinese Variants of Zhuge Cai, Orychophragmus violaceus

作　　者：李子先[1] 曹熙德[1] 刘东旭[1] 刘俊[1] 张作仕[1] 贾勇炯[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]四川大学生物系,四川成都610064

出　　处：《作物学报》1994年第5期595-600,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

摘　　要：对中国种诸葛菜变种群(色括原变种及三个变种)作了大样本核型分析,结果显示:染色体相对长度从长到短呈渐缓梯度变化,次缢痕位置大多出现在第11对染色体上,一部分次缢痕变化不定.臂比指数极端变幅大,按众数求得的染色体类型是:2n=24=18m(2st)+6sm(2st).核型对称性分析结果是1A一2A,属于最对称性.核中有较高频率的B染色体,47个细胞中有24个出现1—4个B染色体.从以上细胞学观察结果推测,该变种群在长期系统发育过程中已发生较大的遗传变异.A study on the karyotype of some Chinese variants of Zhuge Cai, Orychophragmus violaceus, was carried out with the following results:Relative length of chromosomes showed a gradual gradient from long to short, the gaps a-mong them being very small. The majority of secondary constrictions in 30 cells were located on the eleventh chromosome, while the remaining ones were variable in position. The extreme range of the chromosome arm ratio indices in 30 cells was very large. According to the modal values of arm ratio, the karyotype was expressed as 2n = 24=18m(2st) + 6sm(2st). The karyotype sym-metry exhibits as 1A-2A. As judged from karyotype classification, it belonged to the most sym-metrical one. High percentage of B chromosomes amounting to 51% was observed in the nucle-us.The above mentioned results indicated that the variants of Zhuge Cai have evolved a consid-erable hereditary variation during the phylogenesis of the species.

关 键 词：中国 品种 诸葛菜 核型 变种群 

分 类 号：S565.902[农业科学—作物学]