氮磷钾硼对甘蓝型黄籽油菜产量和品质的影响  

EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM AND BORON ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF YELLOW-SEEDED RAPESEED

作　　者：李宝珍[1] 王正银[1] 李加纳[2] 武杰[2] 谌利[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学资源与环境学院 [2]西南农业大学农学与生命科学学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《土壤学报》2005年第3期479-487,共9页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"项目"优质高效杂交油菜新型授粉控制系统研究与新组合选育"(2002AA207009);国家自然科学基金重点项目"甘蓝型油菜黄籽性状遗传基础研究"(30330430)资助

摘　　要：采用四元二次回归正交旋转组合设计,以氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、硼(B)肥为主要探讨因子进行田间试验,建立N、P、K、B4因素与黄籽油菜籽粒产量、含油量、产油量以及蛋白质含量的施肥模型。对模型解析发现,在供试条件下N、P、K、B单因子对产量和产油量的影响均是X1(N)>X2(P2O5)>X4(B)>X3(K2O),对含油量的影响是X1(N)>X4(B)>X2(P2O5)>X3(K2O),对蛋白质的影响为X1(N)>X4(B)>X3(K2O)>X2(P2O5)。施肥模型寻优结果表明施N163.7～179.2kghm-2、P2O585.0～95.0kghm-2、K2O100.7～124.3kghm-2、B6.7～8.3kghm-2,可使黄籽油菜产油量达到1000kghm-2,饼粕蛋白质含量达40%以上;饼粕蛋白质含量大于45%时,各养分因子的取值区域分别是施N236.6～255.4kghm-2、P2O580.3～99.7kghm-2、KO103.2～126.8kghm-2、B8.9～10.3kghm-2。An orthogonal quadratic regression rotation combinatorial design with 4 factors, i.e. nitrogen(N), phosphor(P), potassium(K), and boron(B), was adopted in field experiments. Fertilization models were built up and analysed for yield, oil content, oil yield and protein of yellow-seeded rape. The single factor effect analysis shows that in terms of effect of fertilization on seed yield and oil yield, the four single-factor fertilizers were in the order of X_1(N)>X_2(P_2O_5)> X_4(B)> X_3(K_2O); while in terms of effect on oil content and protein, they were in the order of X_1(N)>X_4(B)>X_2(P_2O_5)>X_3(K_2O) and X_1(N)>X_4(B)>X_3(K_2O)> X_2(P_2O_5), respectively. Based on the fertilization models for oil yield and protein, in order to get an oil yield higher than 1 000 kg hm -2 and a protein content higher than 40% in the rapeseed cakes, the optimum fertilization rate should be recommended as N 163.7～179.2 kg, P_2O_5 85.0～95.0 kg, K_2O 100.7～124.3 kg and B 6.7～8.3 kg per hm2; and to get a protein content higher than 45%, the fertilization rate as N 236.6～255.4 kg, P_2O_5 80.3～99.7 kg,K_2O 103.2～126.8 kg,and B 8.9～10.3 kg per hm2.

关 键 词：甘蓝型黄籽油菜 营养品质 产量 施肥模式 氮 磷 钾 硼 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]