超声速气流触发过冷水雾核化的机制研究  

THE INVESTIGATION ON MECHANISMS OF NUCLEATION IN SUPERCOOLED WATER FOG TRIGGERED BY SUPERSONIC AIRFLOW

作　　者：王伟民[1] 钱昌国[2] 魏荣爵[2] 

机构地区：[1]空军气象学院 [2]南京大学声学所

出　　处：《气象科学》1994年第1期53-58,共6页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：南京大学近代声学实验室资助

摘　　要：本文对超声速气流触发过冷水雾核化的机制进行了实验研究，对影响冰晶产生的各种气流参数进行了细致测量。实验结果表明超声速气流的快速绝热膨胀的冷却作用是促使大量冰晶产生的确切机制、高速运动气体与环境静止空气的剪切混合作用以及边界层的涡旋冷却作用对冰晶产生亦起着不可轻视的作用。实验测得单位质量空气的成冰率为1011～1012个／克。用高纯度氮气代替空气得到类似结果。The experimental investigation on mechanisms of nucleation of ice crystals in supercooled water fog triggered by supersonic airflow is carried out. Various parameters of airflow which influence the generation of ice crystals have been measured carefully. The results of experiments showed that the principal mechanism for the production of ice crystals is the cooling effects of adiabatic expansion in supersonic airflow. Also, the entrainment of ambient stationary air into supersonic airflow and cooling at the cores of vortices around the edge of airflow play an inportant and un-negligible role. Ice-forming rates produced by supersonic airflow vary from 1011 to 1012/g.The same results have been obtained when high purified nitrogen, instead of compressed air, is used as experimental gas source. This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key Laboratory of the Institute of Acoustics, Nanjing University

关 键 词：雾 过冷水雾 核化 冰晶 超声速气流 

分 类 号：P426.31[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]