人文地理学“空间”内涵的演进  

Evolution on Connotation of Space in Human Geography

作　　者：石崧[1] 宁越敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海200062

出　　处：《地理科学》2005年第3期340-345,共6页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40171030);教育部人文社会科学研究重大项目(04JJDZH003)资助。

摘　　要：空间是人文地理学的核心概念之一,随着人文地理学经历三次变革:“区域差异-空间分析-社会理论”,空间的内涵也随之不断演进。从区域学派到空间分析,传统的空间认识使得人文地理学归属于自然科学范畴。1970年代以来人文地理学萌生了新的空间认识,关注到空间的社会性,具有了更多的社会科学的特质。通过勾勒出人文地理学空间内涵演进的轨迹,提出空间内涵应是自然与社会属性相统一的观点。Space is one of the most important concepts of human geography. How human geographers understand space is always changing. Human geography came through three revolutions in 20th century. The connotation of space evolved among the above process. From Kant, Humboldt to Hettner and Hartshorne, the tradition of 'areal differentiation' thought that space is an unchanging box within which objects exist and events occur. After WW II, human geography turned gradually from 'areal differentiation' to 'spatial analysis'. New human geographers thought that 'spatial relation' is to be defined between objects and events and thereby made relation with the objects and events that constituted a spatial system. Location Theory, which rooted in economics, became the emphases of human geography. New human geographers just took the only physical factor—distance—into account and excluded the other physical and social factors. From the 1970s, a relational or social view of space has been put forward. Henri Lefebvre interpreted how the production in space is changed to the production of space. Although the feminist geographers and cultural geographers were suspicious of the ways whose accounts deriving from historical materialism, they all agreed with the viewpoint of social space or social attribute of space. At the same time, the concept of 'space-time' became the focus of spatial epistemology. More recently three basic propositions have emerged from these intertwined formulations. 1) Space and time (or space-time) are now seen as being produced or constituted through action and interaction. 2) Space and time cannot be held fast in fixed compartments, measured intervals or regular geometries. 3) Production of space is inseparable from production of nature. Based on the above, this paper draws a conclusion on the connotation of space. Space is not a given neutral and passive geometry but rather is continuously produced through socio-spatial relations. Space is constituted through social relations and material social practices. In a

关 键 词：空间 人文地理学 地理学思想史 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]