栽培甜菜（Beta　vulgaris　L．）和白花甜菜（B．corollifloraZoss．）种间杂交的研究Ⅱ．种间杂种回交后代染色体分布及形态变异  

Studies on interspecific crossing of sugar beet(Beta vulgaris L.)and Beta corollif lora ZossⅡ.The chromosome distribution and morphological vanation of interspecific hybrid backcross progenies

作　　者：郭德栋[1] 王桂芝[1] 康传红[1] 贾树彪[1] 刘丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生物研究所

出　　处：《中国甜菜》1994年第3期2-7,F003,共6页

摘　　要：栽培甜菜（Ｂ．ｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓＬ．，ＰＴ６、２ｎ＝１９）与白花甜菜（Ｂ．ｃｏｒｏｌｌｉｆｌｏｒａＺｏｓｓ．，２ｎ＝３６）杂交获得ＶＣ８８～１杂种Ｆ＿１，其染色体组为ＶＶＣＣ，２ｎ＝３６．ＶＣ８８─１类似于异源多倍体，减数分裂基本正常，以其为母本与栽培甜菜（２ｎ＝１８）回交，或与其它物种如Ｂ．ｍａｒｉｔｉｎａＬ．杂交，皆获大量后代（Ｂ１０，Ｂ１４等），其染色体组为ＶＭＣ、ＶＶＣ等，２ｎ＝２７．以Ｂ１０～Ｂ１４（Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２）为母本与栽培甜菜（２ｎ＝１８）回交，产生许多形态变异及各种染色体分布的后代（Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３），其中以２ｎ＝１８染色体的植株最多达４１．５８％，推测它们当中可能含有代换系及易位系；２ｎ＝２７的个体出现频率高达３０．１９％，预示存在着无融合生殖现象；２ｎ＝１８＋１的植株以１０．３９％的频率出现，它们是带有白花甜菜染色体的单体附加系；附加２～８个染色体的植株频率为５．的％，低于前人报道数字；嵌合体频率达８．９３％，表现不稳定；极少数为２ｎ＝３６、２ｎ＝４５个体．Sugaorbeet(B.vulgaris L.PT6, 2n= 19)and Beta corolliflora Zoss., 2n= 36 are crossed to getVC88─1 hybrid F_1,its chromosome complement is VVCC,2n=36.VC88─1 is similarto allopolyploid. its mciosis is basically regutar. It is used as female parent backcrossing with sugar-beet(2n=18),or is hybridizcd with other spccies such as(B. mantima, odtaining a lot ofprogenies B_1F_2(B10,B14 and so on),with such chromosome complement as VMC,VVC, etc,2n= 27. Using B10～B14(B_1F_2)as fcmale parent backcrossing with sugarbeet(2n=18),Weobtained a lot of progcnies(B_2F_3)with morphological vaniation and different chromosomedistributions, among thcm the plant with chromosome 2n=18 is the most amount, contributing to41.58 % of the total. We have infered that they may contain substitution and translocationlines possibly.The appcardnce frequency of individual plants of 2n= 27 is as high as 30.19%,indicating that thcre exists apomixis.The appeamnce frcqucncy of plant with 2n=18+1 is 10.39%,they are alicn monosoinic additions with chromosome of B. corolliflora,The plant frequencyof additined 2～8 chromosomes if 5.9%, lower than that in previous reports. The fre-quency of Chimera is unstable, at about 8.9%, Ouly a few are 2n=36,2n=45.

关 键 词：种间杂交 无融合生殖 甜菜 

分 类 号：S566.303.5[农业科学—作物学]