“借古人之境界为我之境界”——王国维“三种境界”说新论  

To Transfer the World of the Ancients to the World of Myself": A New Perspective on Wang Guowei's Idea of "Three Kinds of States

作　　者：彭玉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学中文系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《中山大学学报（社会科学版）》2005年第4期21-27,138,共8页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(2004)资助项目<晚清与民国词学体系研究>;教育部博士点基金(2003)资助项目<晚清与民国词学研究>

摘　　要：该文考察了王国维从《文学小言》到《人间词话》再到《人间词话选》中关于“三种境界”说的历史演变,辨明他对言说对象不断调整和拓展的过程。在对王国维所引3首词原词词心词境考索的基础上,揭示它从渐修以至顿悟的逻辑关系和立足于诗人人格锻造的人文精神实质。由“三种境界”的理论内涵,可以贯通王国维构建的境界体系。“三种境界”说的形成不仅与西方叔本华、尼采、康德哲学思想有关,而且它以文学话语来建立人文理论的方式,也与王国维特殊的个人“性质”密切相关。This paper studies the historical development of the idea of 'three kinds of states' by Wang Guowei from Laconic Literary Criticism (Wen Xue Xiao Yan) to Tz'u-hua of the Human World and The Anthology of Tz'u-hua of the Human World, and examines the process of adjustment and development of his objects discussed. Based on the study of the leitmotiv and state of three pieces of original lyrics Wang Guowei cited, the present paper attempts to reveal the logic of Wang Guowei's theory from 'gradual study' to 'sudden comprehension' and his humanistic essence based on the shape of the personality of a poet. The way to comprehend Wang Guowei's system of states is to study the connotation of 'three kinds of states.' The doctrine of 'three kinds of states' not only relates to the philosophical thoughts of Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Kant, but also closely connects with the special 'quality' of Wang Guowei because of his way to construct humanistic theory in literary language.

关 键 词：《人间词话》 《文学小言》 三种境界 人文精神 人格 渐修 顿悟 我之境界 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]