禾谷镰刀菌粗毒素对小麦幼胚培养特性及再生R_1、R_2代植株的抗赤霉病性影响  

Effect of Fusarium Graminearum Crude Toxin on Wheat Young Embryos Culture and Scab-Resistance of Plants in R_1 and R_2 Generations

作　　者：张小红[1] 陈耀锋[2] 任惠莉[2] 闵东红[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2005年第7期331-333,340,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省农业分子生物学重点实验室2002-2004项目"小麦抗赤霉生化标记选择基础与生物技术育种研究"(2002k-04)

摘　　要：研究了禾谷镰刀菌粗毒素对小麦幼胚培养特性的影响和再生R1、R2代植株的抗赤霉病性变异,结果表明,粗毒素对3个不同基因型幼胚的愈伤组织诱导、胚芽萌发及胚性愈伤组织形成和绿苗分化的影响有相同的趋势。①毒素浓度为6.0g/L时,愈伤组织生长受明显地抑制,但胚芽萌发生长受到促进,低于此浓度时,毒素对愈伤组织的生长有一定的促进作用;②毒素对胚性愈伤组织形成和苗分化均有较大的抑制作用,其中对前者的抑制作用最强;③适宜的粗毒素筛选浓度为1.5￣4.5g/L,在这一浓度范围内对愈伤组织形成无影响,而对胚性愈伤组织和苗分化有明显抑制,但又能使其保持有一定的分化能力。④经毒素筛选的抗耐毒素细胞系再生R1代植株中,抗病穗的比例明显提高,R2代再生植株的抗赤霉病性分离,并趋向于感病方的分离。The effects of crude toxin on young embryo culture and scab-resistance of their offspring in R1 and R2 generations were investigated with three wheat varieties. The results were as follows:①High concentration (6.0g/L)of crude toxin inhibited the growth of calli from different genotypes obviously,but the germination and growth of embryos were promoted. When the concentration was lower than 6.0g/L,the crude toxin promoted the growth of calli. ②The crude toxin inhibited the formation of embryogenic calli and regeneration of plantlets remarkably,and the influencing degree was much stronger to former than to later. ③The appropriate concentrations of crude toxin stress were 1.5g/L^4.5g/L,in this range,the calli grew normally,and embryogenic calli and plantlets were inhibited markedly,but their differentiation capabilities were retained in a certain degree. ④The selection of toxin increased the proportion of resistant plants in the R1 offsprings. Scab-resistance of R2 regeneration separated, and there was a tendency of susceptible in the separation.

关 键 词：抗赤霉病性 禾谷镰刀菌 培养特性 小麦幼胚 粗毒素 愈伤组织形成 愈伤组织诱导 愈伤组织生长 胚性愈伤组织 抑制作用 绿苗分化 胚芽萌发 萌发生长 浓度范围 分化能力 再生植株 基因型 细胞系 筛选 分离 抗病 感病 穗 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学] S435.121.4