交通运输外部成本问题研究  

Research on Several Problems about Transport External Costs

作　　者：吕正昱[1] 季令[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学沪西校区运输管理工程系,上海200331

出　　处：《同济大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第7期931-936,共6页Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science

摘　　要：指出外部成本作为交通方式社会总成本中不可忽略的部分,应包括安全成本、能源成本和环境成本.通过对社会总成本具体构成的分析计算,初步实现了将外部成本纳入我国交通定价体系的目标.在运量一定的假设下,举例讨论了加入外部成本后各运输方式盈亏临界点和经济运距所发生的不同变化.以上述研究为基础,提出了我国制定交通政策时建议采用的相应措施和构建综合交通运输体系中应重视的相关问题.As one part that can not be neglected in the transport social full cost,external costs usually include the investments and expenses in energy sources,environment protection and traffic accidents.In this paper,the purpose to bring the external costs into our country’s transport pricing strategy has begun to be realized through analyzing and calculating the detailed elements of the social full cost.An object function of the transport social full cost is expounded,and energy cost is taken as an example to analyze the effect of internalization of external costs.Under the assumption of a certain transport volume,the break-even points and economic transportation distances of each traffic mode change differently after the internalization.Based on the above researches,some corresponding measures of the sustainable transport policy in order to optimye the total transportation system are developed,and several important suggestions concerning our comprehensive transportation system are proposed.

关 键 词：交通运输 外部成本 社会总成本 交通政策 评价体系 

分 类 号：F505[经济管理—产业经济]